"When the king asked what sacrifice he should make he was told by the guardians of the temple that he must sacrifice to the G.o.ddess his two children, Phrixus and h.e.l.le. Those who were around the king, to save themselves from famine after famine, clamored to have the children sacrificed. Athamas, to save his people, consented to the sacrifice.
"They went toward the king"s palace. They found h.e.l.le by the bank of the river washing clothes. They took her and bound her. They found Phrixus, half naked, digging in a field, and they took him, too, and bound him.
That night they left brother and sister in the same prison. h.e.l.le wept over Phrixus, and Phrixus wept to think that he was not able to do anything to save his sister.
"The servants of the palace went to Nephele, and they mocked at her, telling her that her children would be sacrificed on the morrow. Nephele nearly went wild in her grief. And then, suddenly, there came into her mind the thought of a creature that might be a helper to her and to her children.
"This creature was a ram that had wings and a wonderful fleece of gold.
The G.o.d of the sea, Poseidon, had sent this wonderful ram to Athamas and Nephele as a marriage gift. And the ram had since been kept in a special fold.
"To that fold Nephele went. She spent the night beside the ram praying for its help. The morning came and the children were taken from their prison and dressed in white, and wreaths were put upon their heads to mark them as things for sacrifice. They were led in a procession to the temple of Artemis. Behind that procession King Athamas walked, his head bowed in shame.
"But Queen Ino"s head was not bowed; rather she carried it high, for her thought was all upon her triumph. Soon Phrixus and h.e.l.le would be dead, and then, whatever happened, her own children would reign after Athamas in Thebes.
"Phrixus and h.e.l.le, thinking they were taking their last look at the sun, went on. And even then Nephele, holding the horns of the golden ram, was making her last prayer. The sun rose and as it did the ram spread out its great wings and flew through the air. It flew to the temple of Artemis. Down beside the altar came the golden ram, and it stood with its horns threatening those who came. All stopped in surprise. Still the ram stood with threatening head and great golden wings spread out. Then Phrixus ran from those who were holding him and laid his hands upon the ram. He called to h.e.l.le and she, too, came to the golden creature. Phrixus mounted on the ram and he pulled h.e.l.le up beside him. Then the golden ram flew upward. Up, up, it went, and with the children upon its back it became like a star in the day-lit sky.
"Then Queen Ino, seeing the children saved by the golden ram, shrieked and fled away from that place. Athamas ran after her. As she ran and as he followed hatred for her grew up within him. Ino ran on and on until she came to the cliffs that rose over the sea. Fearing Athamas who came behind her she plunged down. But as she fell she was changed by Poseidon, the G.o.d of the sea. She became a seagull. Athamas, who followed her, was changed also; he became the sea eagle that, with beak and talons ever ready to strike, flies above the sea.
"And the golden ram with wings outspread flew on and on. Over the sea it flew while the wind whistled around the children. On and on they went, and the children saw only the blue sea beneath them. Then poor h.e.l.le, looking downward, grew dizzy. She fell off the golden ram before her brother could take hold of her. Down she fell, and still the ram flew on and on. She was drowned in that sea. The people afterward named it in memory of her, calling it "h.e.l.lespont"-"h.e.l.le"s Sea."
"On and on the ram flew. Over a wild and barren country it flew and toward a river. Upon that river a white city was built. Down the ram flew, and alighting on the ground, stood before the gate of that city. It was the city of Aea, in the land of Colchis.
"The king was in the street of the city, and he joined with the crowd that gathered around the strange golden creature that had a youth upon its back. The ram folded its wings and then the youth stood beside it. He spoke to the people, and then the king-aeetes was his name-spoke to him, asking him from what place he had come, and what was the strange creature upon whose back he had flown.
"To the king and to the people Phrixus told his story, weeping to tell of h.e.l.le and her fall. Then King aeetes brought him into the city, and he gave him a place in the palace, and for the golden ram he had a special fold made.
"Soon after the ram died, and then King aeetes took its golden fleece and hung it upon an oak tree that was in a place dedicated to Ares, the G.o.d of war. Phrixus wed one of the daughters of the king, and men say that afterward he went back to Thebes, his own land.
"And as for the Golden Fleece it became the greatest of King aeetes"s treasures. Well indeed does he guard it, and not with armed men only, but with magic powers. Very strong and very cunning is King aeetes, and a terrible task awaits those who would take away from him that Fleece of Gold."
So Alcimide spoke, sorrowfully telling to the women the story of the Golden Fleece that her son Jason was going in quest of. So she spoke, and the night waned, and the morning of the sailing of the _Argo_ came on.
And when the Argonauts beheld the dawn upon the high peaks of Pelion they arose and poured out wine in offering to Zeus, the highest of the G.o.ds. Then _Argo_ herself gave forth a strange cry, for the beam from Dodona that had been formed into her prow had endued her with life. She uttered a strange cry, and as she did the heroes took their places at the benches, one after the other, as had been arranged by lot, and Tiphys, the helmsman, went to the steering place. To the sound of Orpheus"s lyre they smote with oars the rushing sea water, and the surge broke over the oar blades. The sails were let out and the breeze came into them, piping shrilly, and the fishes came darting through the green sea, great and small, and followed them, gamboling along the watery paths. And Chiron, the king-centaur, came down from the Mountain Pelion, and standing with his feet in the foam cried out, "Good speed, O Argonauts, good speed, and a sorrowless return."
The Beginning of Things
Orpheus sang to his lyre, Orpheus the minstrel, who knew the ways and the stories of the G.o.ds; out in the open sea on the first morning of the voyage Orpheus sang to them of the beginning of things.
He sang how at first Earth and Heaven and Sea were all mixed and mingled together. There was neither Light nor Darkness then, but only a Dimness.
This was Chaos. And from Chaos came forth Night and Erebus. From Night was born aether, the Upper Air, and from Night and Erebus wedded there was born Day.
And out of Chaos came Earth, and out of Earth came the starry Heaven.
And from Heaven and Earth wedded there were born the t.i.tan G.o.ds and G.o.ddesses-Ocea.n.u.s, Cus, Crius, Hyperion, Iapetus; Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, gold-crowned Phbe, and lovely Tethys. And then Heaven and Earth had for their child Cronos, the most cunning of all.
Cronos wedded Rhea, and from Cronos and Rhea were born the G.o.ds who were different from the t.i.tan G.o.ds.
But Heaven and Earth had other children-Cottus, Briareus, and Gyes.
These were giants, each with fifty heads and a hundred arms. And Heaven grew fearful when he looked on these giant children, and he hid them away in the deep places of the Earth.
Cronos hated Heaven, his father. He drove Heaven, his father, and Earth, his mother, far apart. And far apart they stay, for they have never been able to come near each other since. And Cronos married to Rhea had for children Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Aidoneus, and Poseidon, and these all belonged to the company of the deathless G.o.ds. Cronos was fearful that one of his sons would treat him as he had treated Heaven, his father. So when another child was born to him and his wife Rhea he commanded that the child be given to him so that he might swallow him. But Rhea wrapped a great stone in swaddling clothes and gave the stone to Cronos. And Cronos swallowed the stone, thinking to swallow his latest-born child.
That child was Zeus. Earth took Zeus and hid him in a deep cave and those who minded and nursed the child beat upon drums so that his cries might not be heard. His nurse was Adrastia; when he was able to play she gave him a ball to play with. All of gold was the ball, with a dark-blue spiral around it. When the boy Zeus would play with this ball it would make a track across the sky, flaming like a star.
Hyperion the t.i.tan G.o.d wed Theia the t.i.tan G.o.ddess, and their children were Helios, the bright Sun, and Selene, the clear Moon. And Cus wed Phbe, and their children were Leto, who is kind to G.o.ds and men, and Asteria of happy name, and Hecate, whom Zeus honored above all. Now the G.o.ds who were the children of Cronos and Rhea went up unto the Mountain Olympus, and there they built their shining palaces. But the t.i.tan G.o.ds who were born of Heaven and Earth went up to the Mountain Othrys, and there they had their thrones.
Between the Olympians and the t.i.tan G.o.ds of Othrys a war began. Neither side might prevail against the other. But now Zeus, grown up to be a youth, thought of how he might help the Olympians to overthrow the t.i.tan G.o.ds.
He went down into the deep parts of the Earth where the giants Cottus, Briareus, and Gyes had been hidden by their father. Cronos had bound them, weighing them down with chains. But now Zeus loosed them and the hundred-armed giants in their grat.i.tude gave him the lightning and showed him how to use the thunderbolt.
Zeus would have the giants fight against the t.i.tan G.o.ds. But although they had mighty strength Cottus, Briareus, and Gyes had no fire of courage in their hearts. Zeus thought of a way to give them this courage; he brought the food and drink of the G.o.ds to them, ambrosia and nectar, and when they had eaten and drunk their spirits grew within the giants, and they were ready to make war upon the t.i.tan G.o.ds.
"Sons of Earth and Heaven," said Zeus to the hundred-armed giants, "a long time now have the Dwellers on Olympus been striving with the t.i.tan G.o.ds. Do you lend your unconquerable might to the G.o.ds and help them to overthrow the t.i.tans."
Cottus, the eldest of the giants, answered, "Divine One, through your devising we are come back again from the murky gloom of the mid Earth and we have escaped from the hard bonds that Cronus laid upon us. Our minds are fixed to aid you in the war against the t.i.tan G.o.ds."
So the hundred-armed giants said, and thereupon Zeus went and he gathered around him all who were born of Cronos and Rhea. Cronos himself hid from Zeus. Then the giants, with their fifty heads growing from their shoulders and their hundred hands, went forth against the t.i.tan G.o.ds. The boundless sea rang terribly and the earth crashed loudly; wide Heaven was shaken and groaned, and high Olympus reeled from its foundation. Holding huge rocks in their hands the giants attacked the t.i.tan G.o.ds.
Then Zeus entered the war. He hurled the lightning; the bolts flew thick and fast from his strong hand, with thunder and lightning and flame. The earth crashed around in burning, the forests crackled with fire, the ocean seethed. And hot flames wrapped the earth-born t.i.tans all around. Three hundred rocks, one upon another, did Cottus, Briareus, and Gyes hurl upon the t.i.tans. And when their ranks were broken the giants seized upon them and held them for Zeus.
But some of the t.i.tan G.o.ds, seeing that the strife for them was vain, went over to the side of Zeus. These Zeus became friendly with. But the other t.i.tans he bound in chains and he hurled them down to Tartarus.
As far as Earth is from Heaven so is Tartarus from Earth. A brazen anvil falling down from Heaven to Earth nine days and nine nights would reach the earth upon the tenth day. And again, a brazen anvil falling from Earth nine nights and nine days would reach Tartarus upon the tenth night.
Around Tartarus runs a fence of bronze and Night spreads in a triple line all about it, as a necklace circles the neck. There Zeus imprisoned the t.i.tan G.o.ds who had fought against him; they are hidden in the misty gloom, in a dank place, at the ends of the Earth. And they may not go out, for Poseidon fixed gates of bronze upon their prison, and a wall runs all round it. There Cottus, Briareus, and Gyes stay, guarding them.
And there, too, is the home of Night. Night and Day meet each other at that place, as they pa.s.s a threshold of bronze. They draw near and they greet one another, but the house never holds them both together, for while one is about to go down into the house, the other is leaving through the door. One holds Light in her hand and the other holds in her arms Sleep.
There the children of dark Night have their dwellings-Sleep, and Death, his brother. The sun never shines upon these two. Sleep may roam over the wide earth, and come upon the sea, and he is kindly to men. But Death is not kindly, and whoever he seizes upon, him he holds fast.
There, too, stands the hall of the lord of the Underworld, Aidoneus, the brother of Zeus. Zeus gave him the Underworld to be his dominion when he shared amongst the Olympians the world that Cronos had ruled over. A fearful hound guards the hall of Aidoneus: Cerberus he is called; he has three heads. On those who go within that hall Cerberus fawns, but on those who would come out of it he springs and would devour them.
Not all the t.i.tans did Zeus send down to Tartarus. Those of them who had wisdom joined him, and by their wisdom Zeus was able to overcome Cronos.
Then Cronos went to live with the friendly t.i.tan G.o.ds, while Zeus reigned over Olympus, becoming the ruler of G.o.ds and men.
So Orpheus sang, Orpheus who knew the ways and the histories of the G.o.ds.
VI. Polydeuces" Victory and Heracles" Loss