"The first is the case of the deluded man who takes away life for the purpose of sacrificing to the G.o.ds, accompanied by carousing and feasting. Here the gifts are great, but the merit is small indeed. 4
"The gifts are small and the merit is also small, when from covetousness and an evil heart a man keeps to himself a part of that which he intends to offer. 5
"The merit is great, however, while the gift is small, when a man makes his offering from love and with a desire to grow in wisdom and in kindness. 6
"Lastly, the gift is large and the merit is large, when a wealthy man, in an unselfish spirit and with the wisdom of a Buddha, gives donations and founds inst.i.tutions for the best of mankind to enlighten the minds of his fellow-men and to administer unto their needs." 7
LXIX.
THE LIGHT OF THE WORLD.
There was a certain Brahman in Kosambi, a wrangler and well versed in the Vedas. As he found no one whom he regarded his equal in debate he used to carry a lighted torch in his hand, and when asked for the reason of his strange conduct, he replied: "The world is so dark that I carry this torch to light it up, as far as I can." 1
A samana sitting in the market-place heard these words and said: "My friend, if thine eyes are blind to the sight of the omnipresent light of the day, do not call the world dark. Thy torch adds nothing to the glory of the sun and thy intention to illumine the minds of others is as futile as it is arrogant." 2
Whereupon the Brahman asked: "Where is the sun of which thou speakest?" And the samana replied: "The wisdom of the Tathagata is the sun of the mind. His radiancy is glorious by day and night, and he whose faith is strong will not lack light on the path to Nirvana where he will inherit bliss everlasting." 3
LXX.
LUXURIOUS LIVING.
While the Buddha was preaching his doctrine for the conversion of the world in the neighborhood of Savatthi, a man of great wealth who suffered from many ailmemts came to him with clasped hands and said: "World-honored Buddha, pardon me for my want of respect in not saluting thee as I ought, but I suffer greatly from obesity, excessive drowsiness, and other complaints, so that I cannot move without pain." 1
The Tathagata, seeing the luxuries with which the man was surrounded asked him: "Hast thou a desire to know the cause of thy ailments?" And when the wealthy man expressed his willingness to learn, the Blessed One said: "There are five things which produce the condition of which thou complainest: opulent dinners, love of sleep, hankering after pleasure, thoughtlessness, and lack of occupation. Exercise self-control at thy meals, and take upon thyself some duties that will exercise thy abilities and make thee useful to thy fellow-men. In following this advice thou wilt prolong thy life." 2
The rich man remembered the words of the Buddha and after some time having recovered his lightness of body and youthful buoyancy returned to the Worldhonored One and, coming afoot without horses and attendants, said to him: "Master, thou hast cured my bodily ailments; I come now to seek enlightenment of my mind." 3
And the Blessed One said: "The worldling nourishes his body, but the wise man nourishes his mind. He who indulges in the satisfaction of his appet.i.tes works his own destruction; but he who walks in the path will have both the salvation from evil and a prolongation of life." 4
LXXI.
THE COMMUNICATION OF BLISS.
Annabhara, the slave of Sumana, having just cut the gra.s.s on the meadow, saw a samana with his bowl begging for food. Throwing down his bundle of gra.s.s he ran into the house and returned with the rice that had been provided for his own food. 1
The samana ate the rice and gladdened him with words of religious comfort. 2
The daughter of Sumana having observed the scene from a window called out: "Good! Annabhara, good! Very good!" 3
Sumana hearing these words inquired what she meant, and on being informed about Annabhara"s devotion and the words of comfort he had received from the samana, went to his slave and offered him money to divide the bliss of his offering. 4
"My lord," said Annabhara, "let me first ask the venerable man."
And approaching the samana, he said: "My master has asked me to share with him the bliss of the offering I made thee of my allowance of rice. Is it right that I should divide it with him?" 5
The samana replied in a parable. He said: "In a village of one hundred houses a single light was burning. Then a neighbor came with his lamp and lit it; and in this same way the light was communicated from house to house and the brightness in the village was increased. Thus the light of religion may be diffused without stinting him who communicates it. Let the bliss of thy offering also be diffused. Divide it." 6
Annabhara returned to his master"s house and said to him: "I present thee, my lord, with a share of the bliss of my offering.
Deign to accept it." 7
Sumana accepted it and offered his slave a sum of money, but Annabhara replied: "Not so, my lord; if I accept thy money it would appear as if I sold thee my share. Bliss cannot be sold; I beg thou wilt accept it as a gift." 8
The master replied: "Brother Annabhara, from this day forth thou shalt be free. Live with me as my friend and accept this present as a token of my respect." 9
LXXII.
THE LISTLESS FOOL.
There was a rich Brahman, well advanced in years, who, unmindful of the impermanence of earthly things and antic.i.p.ating a long life, had built himself a large house. 1
The Buddha wondered why a man so near to death had built a mansion with so many apartments, and he sent Ananda to the rich Brahman to preach to him the four n.o.ble truths and the eightfold path of salvation. 2
The Brahman showed Ananda his house and explained to him the purpose of its numerous chambers, but to the instruction of the Buddha"s teachings he gave no heed. 3
Ananda said: "It is the habit of fools to say, "I have children and wealth." He who says so is not even master of himself; how can he claim possession of children, riches, and servants? Many are the anxieties of the worldly, but they know nothing of the changes of the future." 4
Scarcely had Ananda left, when the old man was stricken with apoplexy and fell dead. The Buddha said, for the instruction of those who were ready to learn: "A fool, though he live in the company of the wise, understands nothing of the true doctrine, as a spoon tastes not the flavor of the soup. He thinks of himself only, and unmindful of the advice of good counsellors is unable to deliver himself." 5
LXXIII.
RESCUE IN THE DESERT.
There was a disciple of the Blessed One, full of energy and zeal for the truth, who, living under a vow to complete a meditation in solitude, flagged in a moment of weakness. He said to himself: "The Teacher said there are several kinds of men; I must belong to the lowest cla.s.s and fear that in this birth there will be neither path nor fruit for me. What is the use of a forest life if I cannot by my constant endeavor attain the insight of meditation to which I have devoted myself?" And he left the solitude and returned to the Jetavana. 1
When the brethren saw him they said to him: "Thou hast done wrong, O brother, after taking a vow, to give up the attempt of carrying it out;" and they took him to the Master. 2
When the Blessed One saw them he said: "I see, O mendicants, that you have brought this brother here against his will. What has he done?" 3
"Lord, this brother, having taken the vows of so sanctifying a faith, has abandoned the endeavor to accomplish the aim of a member of the order, and has come back to us." 4