J. M. PECK.
PIONEER LETTERS
IX. SENATOR DOUGLAS"S LETTER
(From _Belleville Advocate_, April 10, 1908. Clipping, I.B.H.C.,--K11)
Springfield, Illinois. Mar. 10, 1857
Rev. James Lemen, Collinsville, Illinois,
Dear Sir:--In a former letter I wrote you fully as to my views as to the "Jefferson-Lemen Anti-Slavery Pact," and that there is no doubt but that the anti-slavery contest of your father, Rev. James Lemen, Sr., and the organizing of Bethel church as one of the results, eventually led to our free state const.i.tution. I also thank you again for the privilege of reading Jefferson"s letters to your father, and other papers in connection with the matter, but desire to add a thought or two, or more properly expound [expand] some points in my recent letter.
The anti-slavery pact or agreement between the two men and its far reaching results comprise one of the most intensely interesting chapters in our national and state histories. Its profound secrecy and the splendid loyalty of Jefferson"s friends which preserved it, were alike necessary to the success of the scheme as well as for his future preferment; for had it been known that Jefferson had sent Lemen as his special agent on an anti-slavery mission to shape matters in the territories to his own ends, it would have wrecked his popularity in the South and rendered Lemen"s mission worse than useless.
It has always been a mystery why the pressing demands of Governor Harrison and his Council for the repeal of the anti-slavery clause in the Ordinance of 1787 which excluded slavery {p.47} from the Northwest Territory, could make no headway before a encession [?] of pro-slavery Congress; but the matter is now clear. The great Jefferson, through his confidential leaders in Congress [held that body back, until Mr. Lemen, under his orders], had rallied his friends and sent in anti-slavery pet.i.tions demanding the maintenance of the clause, when the Senate, where Harrison"s demands were then pending, denied them. So a part of the honor of saving that grand clause which dedicated the territory to freedom, belongs to your father. Indeed, considering Jefferson"s ardent friendship for him and his admiration and approval of his early anti-slavery labors in Virginia, which antedated the Ordinance of 1787 by several years, there is but little doubt but that your father"s labors were a factor of influence which quickened if it did not suggest to Jefferson the original purpose which finally resulted in putting the original clause in the Ordinance.
This matter a.s.sumes a phase of personal interest with me, and I find myself, politically, in the good company of Jefferson and your father.
With them, everything turned on whether the people of the territory wanted slavery or not. Harrison and his council had informed Congress that the people desired it; but Jefferson and Lemen doubted it, and when the latter a.s.sisted in sending in great anti-slavery pet.i.tions, Jefferson"s friends in Congress granted the people their wish, and denied Harrison"s pro-slavery demands. That is, the voice and wishes of the people in the territory were heard and respected, and that appears to me to be the correct doctrine.
Should you or your family approve it, I would suggest that the facts of the "Jefferson-Lemen Anti-Slavery Pact" be fully written up and arranged for publication, since they embrace some exceedingly important state and national history, and, in fact, will necessitate a new or larger personal history of Jefferson, as these facts will add another splendid chapter to the great story of his marvellous career.
If you think the publication of Jefferson"s letters and suggestions to your father would rather tend to dwarf the legitimate importance of his great religious movement in the formation of our early churches, on account of the wonderful political results of the "anti-slavery pact" it would be sufficient to command belief everywhere just to simply state that in his anti-slavery mission and contest he acted under Jefferson"s advice {p.48} and help; because the consequences were so important and far reaching that it is self-evident he must have had some great and all-prevailing power behind him.
I was greatly pained to learn of your illness, in your last letter, but hope this will find you comfortable.
Yours in confidence, S. A. DOUGLAS.
I wrote this letter in Springfield, but by an over-sight neglected to mail it there. But if you write me in a fortnight, direct to Springfield, as I expect to be there then.
Yours Secv. [_sic_] D.
X. ANNOUNCEMENT BY J. B. LEMEN
(From _Belleville Advocate_, April 17, 1908. Clipping, I.B.H.C.,--K11)
It was our purpose in this letter [communication] to send the Advocate a copy of one of Abraham Lincoln"s letters, and some other matter from him and Douglas, from the old family notes of Rev. James Lemen never yet published; but increased illness, and their greater length, prevented making the copy. In their place, however, we send a copy each of Governor Edward"s and Congressman Snyder"s letters. The prophetic utterances in this letter as to what would fall on Mexico"s treachery and slavery"s insolence, were so literally fulfilled that they emphasized anew Congressman Snyder"s wonderful capabilities in sizing up public questions correctly and reading the coming events of the future, and prove him to have been a statesman of wonderful powers. The next, which will be the concluding article in this series, will contain the copy of Lincoln"s letter and the other matter above referred to.
The typos made one or two slight errors in Senator Douglas"s letter in last week"s issue. For "expound" the reader should have read "expand,"
and at another point the letter should read that "Jefferson, through his confidential leaders in Congress, held that body back until Mr.
Lemen, under his orders, had rallied his friends and sent in anti-slavery pet.i.tions, etc,"
[JOSEPH B. LEMEN.]
XI. {p.49} GOV. NINIAN EDWARDS TO REV. JAMES LEMEN.
(From _Belleville Advocate_, April 17, 1908. Clipping, I.B.H.C.,--K11)
Vandalia, Ill., Dec. 24, 1826.
Rev. James Lemen, Collinsville, Illinois,
Dear Sir:--Having great respect for your influence and reposing perfect confidence in your capable judgment on public affairs, I would be very much pleased to have you call as soon as you arrive here, as I desire to have your views and advice on some important matters. It is my hope, as it will be my pride, that the term upon which I enter shall be marked with a degree of educational interest and progress not hitherto attained in our young commonwealth; and I wish to ask for your counsel and aid in a.s.sisting to impress upon the General a.s.sembly the importance of such subjects, and the necessity of some further and better legislation on our school matters; and I also wish to consult with you in regard to the matter of the proposed Illinois and Michigan Ca.n.a.l.
Sincerely your friend, NINIAN EDWARDS.
XII. HON. ADAM W. SNYDER TO REV. JAMES LEMEN.
(From _Belleville Advocate_, April 17, 1908. Clipping, I.B.H.C.,--K11)
City of Washington, Jan. 5, 1838.
Rev. James Lemen, [Collinsville, Illinois]
My Dear Friend:--To the letter which I wrote you a few days since I wish to add that the members of the Illinois delegation in Congress have read the letter you recently wrote me, and they are all willing and ready to a.s.sist in pressing the cause of the cla.s.s of claimants whom you mentioned upon the attention of the government for a more liberal and generous allowance of lands. I have no further news to communicate, except that I believe Mexico"s treachery and insolence will sooner or later call down upon her a severe chastis.e.m.e.nt from this country; and that our Southern friends in Congress are growing exasperatingly and needlessly sensitive on the slavery question, claiming that Jefferson"s {p.50} views would sustain their positions, not knowing the splendid secret of your father"s (Rev. James Lemen, Sr.) anti-slavery mission under Jefferson"s orders and advice, which saved Illinois and we might say the Northwest Territory, to freedom.
In fact, the demands of slavery, if not controlled by its friends, will eventually put the country into a mood that will no longer brook its insolence and greed.
Yours in esteem and confidence, A. W. SNYDER.
XIII. ABRAHAM LINCOLN"S LETTER
_Belleville Weekly Advocate_, April 24, 1908
The following letter and remarks from Abraham Lincoln, hitherto unpublished, comprise the fifth letter of the series of old "Pioneer Letters" which Mr. J. B. Lemen of O"Fallon is sending to the Advocate.--Ed.
Springfield, Illinois. March 2, 1857.
Rev. James Lemen, [O"Fallon, Illinois,]
Friend Lemen: Thanking you for your warm appreciation of my views in a former letter as to the importance in many features of your collection of old family notes and papers, I will add a few words more as to Elijah P. Lovejoy"s case. His letters among your old family notes were of more interest to me than even those of Thomas Jefferson, written to your father. Of course they [the latter] were exceedingly important as a part of the history of the "Jefferson-Lemen Anti-Slavery Pact,"