Section. 4. The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
Article. III.
Section. 1. The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.
Section. 2. The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Const.i.tution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;--to all Cases affecting Amba.s.sadors, other public Ministers and Consuls;--to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;--to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;--to Controversies between two or more States;--between a State and Citizens of another State;--between Citizens of different States,--between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.
In all Cases affecting Amba.s.sadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.
The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.
Section. 3. Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court.
The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted.
Article. IV.
Section. 1. Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.
Section. 2. The Citizens of each State shall be ent.i.tled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.
A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.
No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.
Section. 3. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.
The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Const.i.tution shall be so construed as to prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.
Section. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.
Article. V.
The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Const.i.tution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Const.i.tution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of it"s equal Suffrage in the Senate.
Article. VI.
All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Const.i.tution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Const.i.tution, as under the Confederation.
This Const.i.tution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Const.i.tution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.
The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Const.i.tution; but no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States.
Article. VII.
The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Const.i.tution between the States so ratifying the Same.
The Word, "the," being interlined done in Convention by the between the seventh and eighth Unanimous Consent of the Lines of the first Page, The Word States present the Seventeenth "Thirty" being partly written on an Day of September in the Year Erazure in the fifteenth Line of of our Lord one thousand seven the first Page, The Words "is hundred and Eighty seven and tried" being interlined between the of the Independence of the thirty second and thirty third United States of America the Lines of the first Page and the Twelfth In witness whereof We Word "the" being interlined between have hereunto subscribed our the forty third and forty fourth Names, Lines of the second Page.
Attest WILLIAM JACKSON Secretary
G^o WASHINGTON--Presid^t and deputy from Virginia
New Hampshire {JOHN LANGDON } {NICHOLAS GILMAN}
Ma.s.sachusetts { NATHANIEL GORHAM { RUFUS KING
Connecticut { W^M: SAM^L JOHNSON { ROGER SHERMAN
New York ALEXANDER HAMILTON
New Jersey { WIL: LIVINGSTON { DAVID BREARLEY { W^M PATERSON { JONA: DAYTON
Pennsylvania { B FRANKLIN { THOMAS MIFFLIN { ROB^T MORRIS { GEO. CLYMER { THO^S FITZSIMONS { JARED INGERSOLL { JAMES WILSON { GOUV MORRIS
Delaware { GEO: READ { GUNNING BEDFORD jun { JOHN d.i.c.kINSON { RICHARD Ba.s.sETT { JACO: BROOM
Maryland { JAMES M^CHENRY { DAN OF S^T THO^S JENIFER { DAN^L CARROLL
Virginia { JOHN BLAIR-- { JAMES MADISON Jr.
North Carolina { W^M BLOUNT { RICH^D DOBBS SPAIGHT { HU WILLIAMSON
South Carolina { J. RUTLEDGE { CHARLES COTESWORTH PINCKNEY { CHARLES PINCKNEY { PIERCE BUTLER
Georgia { WILLIAM FEW { ABR BALDWIN
[Ill.u.s.tration: First Page of the Const.i.tution (reduced)]
IN CONVENTION Monday September 17^{th}. 1787.
Present
The States of
New Hampshire, Ma.s.sachusetts, Connecticut, M^r Hamilton from New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia.
Resolved,
That the preceeding Const.i.tution be laid before the United States in Congress a.s.sembled, and that it is the Opinion of this Convention, that it should afterwards be submitted to a Convention of Delegates, chosen in each State by the People thereof, under the Recommendation of its Legislature, for their a.s.sent and Ratification; and that each Convention a.s.senting to, and ratifying the Same, should give Notice thereof to the United States in Congress a.s.sembled.
Resolved, That it is the Opinion of this Convention, that as soon as the Conventions of nine States shall have ratified this Const.i.tution, the United States in Congress a.s.sembled should fix a Day on which Electors should be appointed by the States which shall have ratified the same, and a Day on which the Electors should a.s.semble to vote for the President, and the Time and Place for commencing Proceedings under this Const.i.tution. That after such Publication the Electors should be appointed, and the Senators and Representatives elected: That the Electors should meet on the Day fixed for the Election of the President, and should transmit their Votes certified, signed, sealed and directed, as the Const.i.tution requires, to the Secretary of the United States in Congress a.s.sembled, that the Senators and Representatives should convene at the Time and Place a.s.signed; that the Senators should appoint a President of the Senate, for the sole Purpose of receiving, opening and counting the Votes for President; and, that after he shall be chosen, the Congress, together with the President, should, without Delay, proceed to execute this Const.i.tution.