Viscount Palmerston presents his humble duty to your Majesty....
Viscount Palmerston has had the honour of receiving your Majesty"s communication of this morning. It is, no doubt, true that the telegraphic account received yesterday evening does not show, that at the dates mentioned from India, any improvement had taken place in the state of affairs, and the loss of Sir Henry Lawrence and of General Barnard,[32] but especially of the former, is deeply to be lamented.
With regard, however, to the measures now taking to raise a force to supply the place of the troops sent to India, and to enlist recruits to fill up vacancies in the Regiments in India, Viscount Palmerston would beg to submit that the steps now taking seem to be well calculated for their purpose. The recruiting for the Army has gone on more rapidly than could have been expected at this particular time of year, and in a fortnight or three weeks from this time will proceed still more rapidly; the ten thousand Militia to be immediately embodied will be as much as could probably be got together at the present moment without much local inconvenience; but if that number should be found insufficient, it would be easy afterwards to embody more. But, if the recruiting should go on successfully, that number of Militiamen in addition to the Regulars may be found sufficient.
Viscount Palmerston begs to a.s.sure your Majesty that there is no wish to make savings on the amount voted for Army Services, but, on the other hand, it would be very inconvenient and embarra.s.sing to exceed that amount without some urgent and adequate necessity....
[Footnote 32: He died of cholera at Delhi, on the 5th of July.]
_Queen Victoria to Viscount Palmerston._
OSBORNE, _22nd August 1857_.
In answer to Lord Palmerston"s observations on our Military preparations, the Queen must reply that, although Lord Palmerston disclaims, on the part of the Government, the intention of making a saving on the Army estimates out of the fearful exigencies caused by the Indian Revolt, the facts still remain. The Government have sent fourteen Battalions out of the country and transferred them to the East India Company, and they mean to replace them only by ten new ones, whose organisation has been ordered; but even in these, they mean for the present to save four Companies out of every twelve. The Queen, the House of Lords, the House of Commons, and the Press, all call out for vigorous exertion, and the Government alone take an apologetic line, anxious to do as little as possible, to wait for further news, to reduce as low as possible even what they do grant, and reason as if we had at most _only_ to replace what was sent out; whilst if new demands should come upon us, the Reserves which ought now to be decided upon and organised, are only then to be discussed.
The Queen can the less reconcile herself to the system, of "letting out a little sail at a time," as Lord Palmerston called it the other day, as she feels convinced that, if vigour and determination to get what will be eventually wanted is shown by the Cabinet, it will pervade the whole Government machinery and attain its object; but that if, on the other hand, people don"t see what the Government really require, and find them satisfied with a little at a time, even that little will not be got, as the subordinates naturally take the tone from their superiors. Ten Militia Regiments would not even represent the 10,000 men whom Parliament has voted the supplies for. A Battalion will probably not reach 600 for a time, and from these we hope to draw volunteers again!
The Queen hopes the Cabinet will yet look the whole question in the face, and decide while there is time what they must know will become necessary, and what must in the hurry at the end be done less well and at, probably, double the cost. The Queen can speak by very recent experience, having seen exactly the same course followed in the late War.
_Queen Victoria to Viscount Palmerston._
OSBORNE, _23rd August 1857_.
The Queen approves of Lord Fife[33] and Lord R. Grosvenor being made Peers, and of an offer being made to Mr Macaulay, although she believes he will decline the honour....
[Footnote 33: James, fifth Viscount Macduff and Earl of Fife in the peerage of Ireland, was, on the 1st of October, created a Baron of the United Kingdom; he was the father of the present Duke of Fife. Lord Robert Grosvenor became Lord Ebury, and Mr Macaulay Lord Macaulay of Rothley Temple (his birthplace), in the county of Leicester.]
[Pageheading: THE ARMY RESERVES]
_Queen Victoria to Viscount Palmerston._
OSBORNE, _25th August 1857_.
The Queen has received Lord Palmerston"s letter of yesterday, and must say that she is deeply grieved at her want of success in impressing upon him the importance of meeting the present dangers by agreeing on, and maturing a general plan by which to replace _in kind_ the troops sent out of the country, and for which the money _has_ been voted by Parliament.[34] To the formation of the full number of Battalions, and their full strength in Companies, Lord Palmerston objects that the men will not be found to fill them, and therefore it is left undone; to the calling-out of more Militia, he objects that they ought not to be used as Recruiting Depots, and if many were called out the speed with which the recruiting for the Army went on, would oblige them to be disbanded again. The War Office pride themselves upon having got 1,000 men since the recruiting began; this is equal to 1,000 a month or 12,000 a year, the ordinary wear and tear of the Army!! Where will the Reserves for India be to be found? It does not suffice merely to get _recruits_, as Lord Palmerston says; they will not become _soldiers_ for six months when got, and in the meantime a sufficient number of Militia Regiments ought to be drilled, and made efficient to relieve the Line Regiments already sent, or yet to be sent, for these also are at present necessarily good for nothing.
The Queen must say that the Government incur a fearful responsibility towards their country by their apparent indifference. G.o.d grant that no unforeseen European complication fall upon this country--but we are really tempting Providence.
The Queen hopes Lord Palmerston has communicated to the Cabinet her views on the subject.
[Footnote 34: After referring to the necessity for supplying by fresh drafts the gaps created in the regiments in India, Lord Palmerston had written:--
"If the Militia officers were to find that they were considered merely as drill sergeants for the Line, they would grow careless and indifferent, and many whom it is desirable to keep in the Service would leave it.
"With regard to the number of Militiamen to be embodied, the question seems to be, What is the number which will be wanted for the whole period to the 31st of March, because it would be undesirable to call out and embody now Militia Regiments which would become unnecessary during the winter by the progress of recruiting, and which, from there being no funds applicable to their maintenance, it would become necessary to disembody. The men would be now taken from industrial employment at a time when labour is wanted, and would be turned adrift in the winter when there is less demand for labour.
"With respect to recruiting for the Army, every practicable means has been adopted to hasten its success. Recruiting parties have been scattered over the whole of the United Kingdom, and the permanent staff of the disembodied Militia have been furnished with Beating Warrants enabling them to enlist recruits for the Line; and the recruiting has been hitherto very successful. The only thing to be done is to raise men as fast as possible, and to post them as they are raised to the Regiments and Battalions for which they engage.
The standard, moreover, has been lowered...."]
[Pageheading: LORD LANSDOWNE]
_Viscount Palmerston to Queen Victoria._
PICCADILLY, _31st August 1857_.
... Viscount Palmerston would beg to submit for your Majesty"s consideration whether he might be authorised by your Majesty to offer to Lord Lansdowne promotion to the t.i.tle of Duke. Your Majesty may possibly not have in the course of your Majesty"s reign, long as it is to be hoped that reign will be, any subject whose private and public character will during so long a course of years as those which have been the period of Lord Lansdowne"s career, have more ent.i.tled him to the esteem and respect of his fellow-countrymen, and to the approbation of his Sovereign.
Lord Lansdowne has now for several years given your Majesty"s Government the great and valuable support of his advice in council, his a.s.sistance in debate, and the weight of his character in the country, without any office. His health and strength, Viscount Palmerston cannot disguise from himself, have not been this year such as they had been; and if your Majesty should contemplate marking at any time your Majesty"s sense of Lord Lansdowne"s public services, there could not be a better moment for doing so than the present; and Viscount Palmerston has reason to believe that such an act of grace would be very gratifying to the Liberal Party, and would be deemed well bestowed even by those who are of opposite politics.[35]
Mr Macaulay accepts the Peerage with much grat.i.tude to your Majesty.
[Footnote 35: Lord Lansdowne declined the honour.]
[Pageheading: THE INDIAN MUTINY]
_Queen Victoria to the King of the Belgians._
BALMORAL CASTLE, _2nd September 1857_.
DEAREST UNCLE,--... We are in sad anxiety about India, which engrosses all our attention.[36] Troops cannot be raised fast or largely enough.
And the horrors committed on the poor ladies--women and children--are unknown in these ages, and make one"s blood run cold. Altogether, the whole is so much more distressing than the Crimea--where there was _glory_ and honourable warfare, and where the poor women and children were safe. Then the distance and the difficulty of communication is such an additional suffering to us all. I know you will feel much for us all. There is not a family hardly who is not in sorrow and anxiety about their children, and in all ranks--India being _the_ place where every one was anxious to place a son!
We hear from _our_ people (not Fritz) from Berlin, that the King is in a very unsatisfactory state. _What_ have you heard?...
Now, with Albert"s love, ever your devoted Niece,
VICTORIA R.
[Footnote 36: At Balmoral the Queen learned in greater detail of the atrocities which had been committed upon the garrison at Cawnpore.]