TO CHARLES LAMB, ESQ.
Jan. 10. 1830.
MY DEAR LAMB,
A whole twelvemonth have I been a letter in your debt, for which fault I have been sufficiently punished by self-reproach.
I liked your Play marvellously, having no objection to it but one, which strikes me as applicable to a large majority of plays, those of Shakspeare himself not entirely excepted--I mean a little degradation of character for a more dramatic turn of plot. Your present of Hone"s book was very acceptable; and so much so, that your part of the book is the cause why I did not write long ago. I wished to enter a little minutely into notice of the dramatic extracts, and, on account of the smallness of the print, deferred doing so till longer days would allow me to read without candle-light, which I have long since given up. But, alas! when the days lengthened, my eyesight departed, and for many months I could not read three minutes at a time. You will be sorry to hear that this infirmity still hangs about me, and almost cuts me off from reading altogether. But how are you, and how is your dear sister? I long much, as we all do, to know.
For ourselves, this last year, owing to my sister"s dangerous illness, the effects of which are not yet got over, has been an anxious one and melancholy. But no more of this. My sister has probably told everything about the family; so that I may conclude with less scruple, by a.s.suring you of my sincere and faithful affection for you and your dear sister.
WM. WORDSWORTH.[107]
68. _Summer: Mr. Quillinan: Draining, &c._
LETTER TO G. HUNTLY GORDON, ESQ.
Rydal Mount, April 6. 1830.
MY DEAR MR. GORDON,
You are kind in noticing with thanks my rambling notes.[108]
We have had here a few days of delicious summer weather.
[107] _Memoirs_, ii. 223.
[108] On a proposed tour.
It appeared with the suddenness of a pantomimic trick, stayed longer than we had a right to expect, and was as rapidly succeeded by high wind, bitter cold, and winter snow, over hill and dale.
I am not surprised that you are so well pleased with Mr. Quillinan. The more you see of him the better you will like him. You ask what are my employments. According to Dr. Johnson they are such as ent.i.tle me to high commendation, for I am not only making two blades of gra.s.s grow where only one grew before, but a dozen. In plain language, I am draining a bit of spungy ground.[109] In the field where this goes on I am making a green terrace that commands a beautiful view of our two lakes, Rydal and Windermere, and more than two miles of intervening vale with the stream visible by glimpses flowing through it. I shall have great pleasure in showing you this among the other returns which I hope one day to make for your kindness.
Adieu, yours, W.W.[110]
69. _Works of Webster, &c.: Elder Poets: Dr. Darwin: "Excursion:"
Collins, &c._
LETTER TO REV. ALEXANDER DYCE.
[No date, but Postmark, 1830.]
I am truly obliged, my dear Sir, by your valuable present of Webster"s Dramatic Works and the "Specimens."[111] Your publisher was right in insisting upon the whole of Webster, otherwise the book might have been superseded, either by an entire edition separately given to the world, or in some _corpus_ of the dramatic writers. The poetic genius of England, with the exception of Chaucer, Spenser, Milton, Dryden, Pope, and a very few more, is to be sought in her drama. How it grieves one that there is so little probability of those valuable authors being read except by the curious! I questioned my friend Charles Lamb whether it would answer for some person of real taste to undertake abridging the plays that are not likely to be read as wholes, and telling such parts of the story in brief abstract as were ill managed in the drama. He thought it would not. I, however, am inclined to think it would.
[109] In the field to the S.W. below the garden at Rydal.
[110] _Memoirs_, ii. 224.
[111] _Specimens of British Poetesses. A.D._
The account of your indisposition gives me much concern. It pleases me, however, to see that, though you may suffer, your industry does not relax; and I hope that your pursuits are rather friendly than injurious to your health.
You are quite correct in your notice of my obligation to Dr.
Darwin.[112] In the first edition of the poem it was acknowledged in a note, which slipped out of its place in the last, along with some others. In putting together that edition, I was obliged to cut up several copies; and, as several of the poems also changed their places, some confusion and omission, and, in one instance, a repet.i.tion, was the consequence. Nothing, however, so bad as in the edition of 1820, where a long poem, "The Lament of Mary Queen of Scots," was by mistake altogether omitted. Another unpleasantness arose from the same cause; for, in some instances, notwithstanding repeated charges to the printer, you have only two Spenserian stanzas in a page (I speak now of the last edition) instead of three; and there is the same irregularity in printing other forms of stanza.
You must indeed have been fond of that ponderous quarto, "The Excursion," to lug it about as you did.[113] In the edition of 1827 it was diligently revised, and the sense in several instances got into less room; yet still it is a long poem for these feeble and fastidious times.
You would honour me much by accepting a copy of my poetical works; but I think it better to defer offering it to you till a new edition is called for, which will be ere long, as I understand the present is getting low.
[112] In Mr. W."s lines "To Enterprise." _A.D._
[113] I had mentioned to Mr. W. that, when I had a curacy in Cornwall, I used frequently to carry "The Excursion" down to the sea-sh.o.r.e, and read it there. _A.D._
A word or two about Collins. You know what importance I attach to following strictly the last copy of the text of an author; and I do not blame you for printing in the "Ode to Evening" "brawling" spring; but surely the epithet is most unsuitable to the time, the very worst, I think, that could have been chosen.
I now come to Lady Winchelsea. First, however, let me say a few words upon one or two other auth.o.r.esses of your "Specimens." British poetesses make but a poor figure in the "Poems by Eminent Ladies."[114]
[114] Two volumes, 1755. _A.D._
But observing how injudicious that selection is in the case of Lady Winchelsea, and of Mrs. Aphra Behn (from whose attempts they are miserably copious), I have thought something better might have been chosen by more competent persons who had access to the volumes of the several writers. In selecting from Mrs. Pilkington, I regret that you omitted (look at p. 255) "Sorrow," or at least that you did not abridge it. The first and third paragraph are very affecting. See also "Expostulation," p. 258: it reminds me strongly of one of the Penitential Hymns of Burns. The few lines upon St. John the Baptist, by Mrs. Killigrew (vol. ii. p. 6), are pleasing. A beautiful Elegy of Miss Warton (sister to the poets of that name) upon the death of her father, has escaped your notice; nor can I refer you to it. Has the d.u.c.h.ess of Newcastle written much verse? her Life of her Lord, and the extracts in your book, and in the "Eminent Ladies," are all that I have seen of hers. The "Mirth and Melancholy" has so many fine strokes of imagination, that I cannot but think there must be merit in many parts of her writings. How beautiful those lines, from "I dwell in groves," to the conclusion, "Yet better loved, the more that I am known," excepting the four verses after "Walk up the hills." And surely the latter verse of the couplet,
"The tolling bell which for the dead rings out; A mill where rushing waters run about;"
is very noticeable: no person could have hit upon that union of images without being possessed of true poetic feeling. Could you tell me anything of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu more than is to be learned from Pope"s letters and her own? She seems to have been destined for something much higher and better than she became. A parallel between her genius and character and that of Lady Winchelsea her contemporary (though somewhat prior to her) would be well worth drawing.
And now at last for the poems of Lady Winchelsea. I will transcribe a note from a blank leaf of my own edition, written by me before I saw the scanty notice of her in Walpole. (By the by, that book has always disappointed me when I have consulted it upon any particular occasion.) The note runs thus: "The "Fragment," p. 280, seems to prove that she was attached to James II., as does p. 42, and that she suffered by the Revolution. The most celebrated of these poems, but far from the best, is "The Spleen." "The Pet.i.tion for an absolute Retreat," and the "Nocturnal Reverie," are of much superior merit. See also for favourable specimens, p. 156; "On the Death of Mr. Thynne," p. 263; and p. 280, "Fragment." The Fable of "Love, Death, and Reputation," p. 29, is ingeniously told." Thus far my own note. I will now be more particular.
P. 3, "Our Vanity," &c., and p. 163 are noticeable as giving some account from herself of her authorship. See also p. 148, where she alludes to "The Spleen." She was unlucky in her models, Pindaric Odes and French Fables. But see p. 70, "The Blindness of Elymas," for proof that she could write with powers of a high order when her own individual character and personal feelings were not concerned. For less striking proofs of this power, see p. 4, "All is Vanity," omitting verses 5 and 6, and reading "clouds that are lost and gone," &c. There is merit in the two next stanzas; and the last stanza towards the close contains a fine reproof for the ostentation of Louis XIV., and one magnificent verse,
"Spent the astonished hours, forgetful to adore."
But my paper is nearly out. As far as "For my garments," p. 36, the poem is charming; it then falls off; revives at p. 39, "Give me there;" p.
41, &c., reminds me of Dyer"s "Grongar Hill;" it revives p. 47, towards the bottom, and concludes with sentiments worthy of the writer, though not quite so happily expressed as other parts of the poem. See pages 82, 92, "Whilst in the Muses" paths I stray;" p. 113. "The Cautious Lovers,"
p. 118, has little poetic merit, but is worth reading as characteristic of the author. P. 143, "Deep lines of honour," &c., to "maturer age." P.
151, if shortened, would be striking; p. 154, characteristic; p. 159, from "Meanwhile, ye living parents," to the close, omitting "Nor could we hope," and the five following verses; p. 217, last paragraph; p. 259, _that_ you have;[115] pp. 262, 263; p. 280, Was Lady W. a R. Catholic?
p. 290, "And to the clouds proclaim thy fall;" p. 291, omit "When scatter"d glow-worms," and the next couplet. I have no more room. Pray, excuse this vile scrawl.
Ever faithfully yours, W.W.
P.S. I have inconsiderately sent your letter to my daughter (now absent), without copying the address. I knew the letter would interest her. I shall direct to your publisher.[116]
Rydal Mount.
[115] Mr. W. means, that I _have_ inserted that poem in my "Specimens."
_A.D._
[116] _Memoirs_, ii. 225-30.
70. _French Revolution_, 1830.
LETTERS TO G. HUNTLY GORDON, ESQ.