The Queen Mother

97 Address by the Archbishop of Canterbury, The Times, 28 June 1938; Glamis Archives 98 Queen Elizabeth to Archbishop Lang, 1 July 1938, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 ff. 1912 99 Arthur Penn to Queen Elizabeth, 28 June 1938, RA QEQM/PRIV/DEATH/STRATH 100 Queen Elizabeth to Arthur Penn, 30 June 1938, Penn Papers 101 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 28 June 1938, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 102 Longford, Queen Mother, pp. 701 103 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 13 July 1938, RA GV/CC12/75 104 Laird, p. 221 105 Bradford, George VI, p. 359 106 "Les Souverains Britanniques en France", special issue of L"Iuustration, July 1938; Sir Eric Phipps to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 15 March 1938, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/SV/02718/1/038 107 Longford, Queen Mother, p. 71 108 Bradford, George VI, p. 360 109 Interview with Bertrand du Vignaud de Villefort on behalf of the author 110 Rev. Dr John Stirton, diary, 2729 August 1938, RA AEC/GG/026 111 Longford, Queen Mother, p. 72 112 L"Oeuvre, June 1939 113 Quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 343 114 Hartnell, p. 94 115 Bradford, George VI, p. 361 116 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 343 117 Lady Diana Cooper, The Light of Common Day, 1959, p. 223, quoted in Bradford, George VI, p. 361 118 Laird, p. 222 119 Neville Chamberlain to King George VI, 13 August 1938, BUA NC 7/3/25 120 Duff Cooper to Queen Elizabeth, 2 August 1938, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 121 Duff Cooper, diary, 23 July 1938, John Julius Norwich Papers 122 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 5 August 1938, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/77 123 Georgina Guerin to her parents, 31 August 1938, RA QEII/OUT/GUERIN/31 124 Rev. Dr John Stirton, diary, 2729 August 1938, RA AEC/GG/026 125 Paul Berman, Terror and Liberalism, W. W. Norton, 2003, pp. 1248 126 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 345 127 Queen Mary to King George VI, 15 September 1938, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 128 King George VI to Queen Elizabeth, 19 September 1938, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 129 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 24 September 1938, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 130 Sir Alexander Hardinge to King George VI, 15 September [1938], RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/235/04 131 Sir Alexander Hardinge, memorandum, 29 September [1938], RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/235/06 132 Sir Alexander Hardinge, memorandum, 26 and 29 September 1938, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/235/10 133 Laird, pp. 2245 134 Queen Elizabeth, speech, 27 September 1938, RA QEQMH/PS/SPE 135 Laird, pp. 2256 136 King George VI to May Elphinstone, 29 September 1938, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 137 Duff Cooper, p. 268 138 Queen Mary to King George VI, 1 October 1938, RA PRIV/RF/11 139 Queen Elizabeth to Anne Chamberlain, 30 September 1938, BUA NC 13/11/656 140 Anne Chamberlain to Queen Elizabeth, 30 September 1938, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 141 Andrew Roberts, The History of the English Speaking Peoples since 1900, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2006, p. 249 142 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 2 October 1938, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/84 143 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 11 October 1938, Sitwell Papers 144 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 13 December 1938, Sitwell Papers 145 D"Arcy Osborne to Queen Elizabeth, 17 October 1938, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Osborne 146 Most Rev. Cosmo Lang to Queen Elizabeth, 19 December 1938, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Lang 147 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 5 October 1938, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 148 Martin Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, Minerva, 1992, p. 598 149 Ibid., p. 604 150 Queen Elizabeth to Rachel Bowes Lyon, 22 November 1938, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 151 Jasper Ridley to Queen Elizabeth, 29 January 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Ridley 152 Lord Birkenhead, Walter Monckton: The Life of Viscount Monckton of Brenchley, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1969, p. 169 153 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Walter Monckton, 6 December 1938, RA GVI/OUT/MONCKTON 154 Queen Mary to King George VI, 3 February 1939, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11; King George VI to Queen Mary, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/87 155 Walter Monckton to King George VI (copy), 10 February 1939, RA GVI/OUT/MONCKTON 156 Duke of Windsor to Queen Mary, 29 March 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC9 157 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 31 March 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 158 Clement Attlee to Tom Attlee, 23 February 1939, Bodleian Library, Attlee Papers, MS Eng.c.4792 159 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 364 160 L"Il.u.s.tration, special supplement on state visit of President Lebrun, 2124 March 1939, Archives Nationales, Paris: Papiers des Chefs de l"Etat AG/1/69 161 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 3678 162 Sir Alexander Hardinge, memorandum, 26 April 1939, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 163 John Wheeler-Bennett interview with second Baron Hardinge of Penshurst, January 1954, RA AEC/GG/20 164 Laird, p. 185 165 Ibid.

166 Hostage to Fortune: The Letters of Joseph P. Kennedy, ed. Amanda Smith, Viking, 2001, pp. 3269

TWELVE: ACROSS THE ATLANTIC 1939.

1 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 8 May 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/93 2 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 371, 373 3 Lord Tweedsmuir to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 17 October 1938, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/001A/01 4 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 382 5 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 6 May 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 6 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 8 May 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/93 7 Ziegler, Edward VIII, pp. 398400 8 Duke of Kent to Queen Elizabeth, 16 May 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF; Sir Alexander Hardinge to King George VI, 9 May 1939, RA PS/PSO/AH, quoted in Ziegler, Edward VIII, pp. 399400 9 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 13 May 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 10 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 15 May 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/94 11 Ibid.

12 Sir Alan Lascelles to Joan Lascelles, 1416 May 1939, CAC LASL 4/3/8 13 Mackenzie King, diary, 17 May 1939, LAC/BAC MG26-J13 14 Ibid.

15 Diary (translation) of Lieutenant Colonel D. B. Papineau, 17 May 1939, Archives Nationales du Quebec, P569, S1, D1, P19 16 Ibid.

17 Ibid., 18 May 1939 18 L"Abbe J.-C. Desrosiers to A. Paquette, 5 May 1937, Archives Nationales du Quebec, E4 196001-483/567; Dr J. Marcoux to Jean Bruchesi, 16 February, 6 May 1939, Archives Nationales du Quebec, E4 196001-483/268/154, 567 19 Hartnell, pp. 99100 20 Canadian press report, 13 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 125 21 Sir Alan Lascelles to Eric Mackenzie, Comptroller to the Governor General, 21 January 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/002/094 22 Sir Alan Lascelles to Joan Lascelles, 21 May 1939, CAC LASL 4/3/9 23 Molly Pulver Ungar, "Emile Vaillancourt and the Royal Visit of 1939", paper given to the Canadian Historical a.s.sociation, London (Ontario), 2005; Diary (translation) of Lieutenant Colonel D. B. Papineau, 21 May 1939, Archives Nationales du Quebec, P569, S1, D1, P19 24 "Canada: Houde for Dictators", Time, 20 February 1939 25 Quoted in Colombo"s Canadian Quotations, Hurtig Publishers, 1974, p. 267 26 Montreal press reports cited by Ungar, "Emile Vaillancourt"; Diary (translation) of Lieutenant Colonel D. B. Papineau, 21 May 1939, Archives Nationales du Quebec, P569, S1, D1, P19 27 Sir Alan Lascelles to Joan Lascelles, 21 May 1939, CAC LASL 4/3/9 28 Lord Tweedsmuir to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 22 May 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/001A/116 29 Speeches by the King and Queen during Their Majesties" visit to Canada, 1939, booklet published by the Government of Canada, 1939 30 Letter from Lord Tweedsmuir to a friend, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 380 31 Lord Tweedsmuir to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 22 May 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/001A/116 32 Letter from Lord Tweedsmuir to a friend, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 380 33 Lord Tweedsmuir to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 22 May 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/001A/116 34 Article by F. C. Mears, Montreal Gazette, [21 May 1939], RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. I, p. 98 35 Lord Tweedsmuir to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 22 May 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/001A/116 36 Journal of Their Majesties" Tour of Canada, USA, and Newfoundland, May and June 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/257/01 37 Georges Vanier to the Canadian Secretary of State for External Affairs, 20 May 1939, LAC/BAC RG7, G26, Vol. 93, File 2213-D General 38 Sir Percy Loraine to Viscount Halifax, 15 June 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/145/1 39 Canadian press report, 19 May 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. I, p. 97 40 Lord Tweedsmuir to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 22 May 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/001A/116 41 Toronto Globe and Mail, 23 May 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. I, p. 116 42 Sir Alan Lascelles to Shuldham Redfern, 22 March 1939, LAC/BAC RG7, G26, Vol. 93, File 2213-D(1); press release on guiding principles of Canadian tour, 5 January 1939, Archives Nationales du Quebec, R4/00022, 199411-013 43 Correspondence re the Queen and Toc H, March-April 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/093/0112 44 A. E. Dyment to W. L. Mackenzie King, 11 November 1938, LAC/BAC RG7, G26, Vol. 93, File 2213-D General 45 Journal of Their Majesties" Tour, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/257/01; Wilfred Notley, diary, private collection 46 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 2324 May 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 47 The King"s Empire Day Broadcast, 24 May 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/033/44 48 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 2324 May 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 49 Mackenzie King, diary, 25 May 1939, LAC/BAC MG26-J13 50 Ibid.; Regina press report, 26 May 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. I, p. 210 51 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 27 May 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 52 Calgary press report, 26 May 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. I, p. 233 53 Wilfred Notley, diary, private collection 54 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 27 May 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF; Journal of Their Majesties" Tour, 27 May 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/257/01 55 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 1 June 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/99 56 Sir Alan Lascelles to Joan Lascelles, 28 May 1939, CAC, LASL 4/3/11 57 Mackenzie King, diary, 19 May 1939, LAC/BAC MG26-J13 58 Mackenzie King, diary, 22, 25 May 1939, LAC/BAC MG26-J13 59 King George VI to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 28 May 1939, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 60 Information from Mrs Ted James kindly sent to the author by the Rev. Thomas M. Steel 61 Vancouver press reports, 29 May 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. I, pp. 252, 257 62 Ibid., p. 261 63 Victoria press report, [31 May 1939], RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. II, p. 12 64 R. V. D. Guthrie to Lord Airlie (extract), 13 March 1939; R. J. Streatfeild to R. V. D. Guthrie, 31 March 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/VISCOM/03400/099/1, 2; Victoria newspaper articles, [31 May 1939], RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. II, pp. 1415; Journal of Their Majesties" Tour, 30 May 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/251/1 65 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Tweedsmuir (copy), 28 June 1939, RA QEQM/ADD/OUT/MISC 66 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 1 June 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/99 67 Edmonton press reports, 2 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. II, pp. 667, 71 68 Canadian press reports, June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. II, pp. 90, 91, 94, 98 69 Journal of Their Majesties" Tour, 5 June 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/251/01 70 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 56 June 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 71 Canadian press reports, 6 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. II, pp. 147, 154; Journal of Their Majesties" Tour, 6 June 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/251/01 72 Canadian press reports, 67 June 939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. II, pp. 213, 214; RA PS/PSO/GVI/VISCOM/03400/003/01/114 73 Mackenzie King, diary, 6 June 1939, LAC/BAC MG26-J13 74 Washington Star, 8 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 16 75 Eleanor Roosevelt, This I Remember, 1950, pp. 1834, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 382 76 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 375 77 William Bullitt to President Roosevelt, 9 May 1939, quoted in Will Swift, The Roosevelts and the Royals, John Wiley, Hoboken, 2004, p. 107 78 Bradford, George VI, p. 377 79 Washington Evening Star, 7 June 1939; New York Times, 8 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 8 80 The Times leader, 8 June 1939 81 Sir Alan Lascelles to Lady Lascelles, 7 June 1939, CAC LASL 4/3/16; Journal of Their Majesties" Tour, 7 June 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/251/01 82 Hostage to Fortune: The Letters of Joseph P. Kennedy, p. 351 83 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 11 June 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/101 84 Washington press report, 8 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 27 85 Swift, p. 114 86 Ibid., p. 115 87 Ibid.

88 Ibid., p. 118 89 The Secret Diaries of Harold L. Ickes, vol. 2, 1954, pp. 646, 650, quoted in ibid., p. 119 90 Kenneth S. Davis, FDR: Into the Storm, 1993, p. 448, quoted in Swift, p. 119 91 Journal of Their Majesties" Tour, 8 June 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/251/01 92 Swift, p. 121 93 Eleanor Roosevelt, "My Day", 9 June 1939; press report by Emma Bugbee, 9 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, pp. 478 94 Swift, pp. 1223 95 Joseph P. Lash, Love, Eleanor, 1982, quoted in Swift, p. 127 96 D"Arcy Osborne to Queen Elizabeth, 23 June 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Osborne 97 Swift, p. 126; "He Came, We Saw, He Conquered", Anglo-American Review, July 1939, Vol. 2, No. 2 98 Washington press reports, 9 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 57 99 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 3867 100 Washington press reports, 10 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, pp. 835; Journal of Their Majesties" Tour, 10 June 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/251/01 101 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 387 102 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 11 June 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/101 103 Eleanor Roosevelt, "My Day", [12 June 1939], quoted in press report, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 114; Swift, pp. 1356 104 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 3889 105 Ibid., pp. 3902; Mackenzie King, diary, 10 June 1939, LAC/BAC MG26-J13 106 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 11 June 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/101 107 Swift, p. 139 108 Conrad Black, Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom, 2003, p. 524, quoted in Swift, pp. 1401 109 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 11 June 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 110 United Press report, [11 June 1940], RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 114 111 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 11 June 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 112 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 11 June 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/101 113 Laird, p. 239 114 Washington Post special dispatch, 11 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 115 115 Washington Evening Star leader, 12 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 130 116 The Times leader, 12 June 1939 117 Fred Leventhal, Anglo-American Att.i.tudes, 2000, quoted in Swift, p. 150 118 Press article by Kathleen McLaughlin, 10 June 1939, RA RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 89 119 Quoted in Robert Rhodes James, A Spirit Undaunted, Little, Brown, 1998, p. 163, and in Swift, pp. 148, 122 120 Swift, p. 147 121 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 11 June 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/101 122 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 389, 390 123 Muriel Adams and A. E. Fulford, Canadian press report, 13 June 1939, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 146 124 Wilfred Notley, diary, pp. 267, private collection 125 Montreal Gazette report, RA F&V/VISOV/CAN/1939/Press cuttings/Vol. III, p. 224; Speech by Queen Elizabeth, 15 June 1939, RA QEQMH/PS/SPE 126 Extracts of letters from a Canadian King"s Counsel to A. G. Allen, n.d. [June 1939], RA QEQM/PRIV/MISC/OFF 127 Laird, p. 241 128 Bradford, George VI, p. 396 129 Nicolson, Diaries and Letters 193039, p. 405 130 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 3934 131 Ibid., pp. 3924 132 Ibid., p. 392 133 Queen Elizabeth to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 12 December 1936, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 ff. 17780 134 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 393 135 Mackenzie King, diary, 12 June 1939, LAC/BAC MG26-J13 136 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Tweedsmuir, 28 June 1939, RA QEQM/OUT/MISC 137 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1939: 19 July 138 Frederick Dalrymple Hamilton, diary, 23 July 1939, private collection 139 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 397 140 King George VI to Arthur Penn, 8 July 1939, Penn Papers 141 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 8 August 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/106 142 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 400 143 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 8 August 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/106 144 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 23 August 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 145 King George VI to Queen Elizabeth, 25 August 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 146 Mackenzie King, diary, 26 August 1939, LAC/BAC MG26-J13 147 Sir Alexander Hardinge, memorandum, 27 August 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/111/3; Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 4023 148 King George VI to Queen Mary, 28 August 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/108 149 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 1 September 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 150 Lady Granville to Queen Elizabeth, 6 September 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/BL 151 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 31 August 1939, RAQM/PRIV/CC12/110 152 Sir Alexander Hardinge, memorandum, 27 August 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/111/3 153 Queen Elizabeth, notes, 4 September 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PERS

THIRTEEN: THE QUEEN AT WAR 19391941

1 Arthur Penn to Queen Elizabeth, 27 September 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Penn 2 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 26 September 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/113 3 Queen Elizabeth to Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, 2 October 1939, photocopy enclosed with letter from Prince Charles to Queen Elizabeth, 1 September 2000, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 4 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 17 October 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/114 5 Queen Elizabeth to Lord Halifax, 15 November 1939, Hickleton Papers, A2/278/26A 1 6 Laird, pp. 2434 7 Ibid., p. 243 8 Most Rev. Cosmo Lang to Queen Elizabeth, 5 September 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Lang 9 Queen Elizabeth to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 ff. 1968 10 Peter Clarke, Hope and Glory: Britain 19001990, Penguin, 1990, p. 191 11 RA QM/PRIV/QMD/1939: 3 September 12 Queen Mary to King George VI, 3 September 1939, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 13 King George VI to Queen Mary, 6 September 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/111 14 Pope-Hennessy, p. 596 15 Ibid.

16 Ziegler, Edward VIII, pp. 4023 17 Queen Elizabeth to Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, 2 October 1939, photocopy enclosed with letter from Prince Charles to Queen Elizabeth, 1 September 2000, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 18 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 26 September 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/113 19 King George VI to Duke of Kent, 26 September 1939, quoted in Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 404 20 King George VI to Neville Chamberlain, 14 September 1939, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 417; King George VI, diary, 14 September 1939, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 21 Sir Robert Bruce Lockhart, Diaries 19151938, ed. Kenneth Young, Macmillan, 1980, p. 413 22 Queen Elizabeth to Duke of Kent, 5 October 1939, RA QEQM/OUT/MISC 23 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 420 24 Hostage to Fortune: The Letters of Joseph P. Kennedy, pp. 3767 25 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 15 September 1939, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 26 Princess Elizabeth to Marion Crawford, 11 September 1939, RA QEII/OUT/BUTHLAY 27 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 28 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 26 September 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/113 29 Marion Crawford to Queen Elizabeth, 23 October 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD; Princess Elizabeth to Georgina Guerin, 30 December 1939, RA QEII/OUT/GUERIN/13 30 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 26 September 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/113 31 Queen Elizabeth to Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, 2 October 1939, photocopy enclosed with letter from Prince Charles to Queen Elizabeth, 1 September 2000, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 32 Professor Harold Laski to Lord Wigram, 12 September 1939, and to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 19 September 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/03959/2 33 Lord Tweedsmuir to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 2 October 1939 (extract), Lord Tweedsmuir to King George VI, 10 October 1939 (extract), RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/03959/1A 34 Lord Lothian to Sir Alan Lascelles, 25 September 1939, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/03959/1B 35 d.u.c.h.ess of York to D"Arcy Osborne, 30 November 1932, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 36 Queen Elizabeth to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 6 November 1939, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 ff. 199200 37 Queen Elizabeth"s broadcast, 11 November 1939, RA QEQMH/PS/SPE 38 Most Rev. Cosmo Lang to Queen Elizabeth, 11 November 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Lang 39 Letters to Queen Elizabeth, November 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/GEN, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL; Lord Wigram to Queen Elizabeth, 12 November 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 40 Anonymous letter to Queen Elizabeth, n.d. [12 November 1939], RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/04298 41 Queen Elizabeth to Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, 6 December 1939, RA QEQM/OUT/PAUY 42 Queen Elizabeth to Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, 2 October 1939, photocopy enclosed with letter from Prince Charles to Queen Elizabeth, 1 September 2000, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 43 Ibid.

44 Vickers, p. 206 45 Augustus John to Maud (Mollie) Cazalet, 23 September 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PIC 46 Mollie Cazalet to Queen Elizabeth, 16 December 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 47 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 10 July 1947, Sitwell Papers 48 Susan Owens, Watercolours and Drawings from the Collection of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, Royal Collection Publications, 2005, pp. 478 49 Gerald Kelly to Queen Elizabeth, 18 December 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 50 Rose, Kings, Queens and Courtiers, p. 151 51 Channon, Diaries, p. 276 52 Queen Elizabeth to Lord Halifax, 9 December 1939, Hickleton Papers, A2/278/26A 2 53 Queen Elizabeth to Prince Paul of Yugoslavia, 6 December 1939, RA QEQM/OUT/PAUY 54 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 428; Colonel Hon. Piers Legh to Queen Elizabeth, 11 December 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/OFF 55 Extract from a letter to Mollie Cazalet from a cousin in the British Expeditionary Force, enclosed with letter from Mollie Cazalet to Queen Elizabeth, 16 December 1939, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 56 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 4289 57 Ibid., pp. 42930 58 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 6 January 1940, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 59 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 27 December 1939, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/116 60 King George VI, diary, 20 January 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 61 King George VI, diary, 24 January 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 62 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 26 February 1940, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 63 William Wordsworth, The Excursion, 1814, Book IV, lines in Queen Elizabeth"s hand (original in possession of Winston Churchill, grandson of Sir Winston Churchill); Sir Martin Gilliat to Kenneth Rose, 22 May 1974, RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/1974/Rose 64 Sir Alexander Hardinge to Queen Elizabeth, 15 February 1940; Sir Walter Elliot to Queen Elizabeth, 15 February 1940, RA QEQM/PRIV/OFF; Queen Elizabeth to Sir Walter Elliot, 17 February 1940, RA QEQM/OUT/MISC 65 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 1 April 1940, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 66 Queen Elizabeth to Lord Halifax, 1 April 1940, Hickleton Papers, A2/278/26A 4; Lord Halifax to Queen Elizabeth, 1 April 1940, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 67 Queen Elizabeth"s speech to YWCA, 13 April 1940, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1940 68 Sir Alexander Hardinge, memorandum, 26 April 1939, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 69 Queen Elizabeth to King George VI, 10 October 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/76 70 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 43943 71 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, p. 642 72 King George VI, diary, 10 May 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 73 Queen Elizabeth to Neville Chamberlain, 17 May 1940, BUA NCI/23/81A 74 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 75 Queen Mary to King George VI, 12 May 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 76 King George VI, diary, 11 May 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 77 John Keegan, Churchill, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2002, pp. 1234 78 King George VI, diary, 13 May 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 79 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 450 80 Ibid., pp. 4512 81 Princess Juliana of the Netherlands to Queen Elizabeth, 20 June 1940, RA QEQM/PRIV/FORRF 82 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 83 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 24 July 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/131 84 Laird, p. 246 85 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, p. 647 86 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 29 May 1940, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 87 Queen Elizabeth to Arthur Penn, 1 June 1940, Penn Papers 88 Leeming notes 89 Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, vol. VI, William Heinemann, 1983, pp. 41821 90 Keegan, p. 125 91 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, p. 651 92 King George VI, diary, 12 June 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 93 Queen Elizabeth"s speech to the Women of France, 14 June 1940, RA QEQMH/PS/SPE 94 Andre Maurois, Memoires, Flammarion, Paris, 1970, pp. 3012 95 Andre Maurois to Queen Elizabeth, 26 June 1940, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 96 Anthony Eden to Queen Elizabeth, 24 January 1941, RA QEQM/PRIV/OFF 97 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, p. 661 98 Eleanor Roosevelt to Queen Elizabeth, n.d. [early June 1940], RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 99 Swift, pp. 1567 100 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 460 101 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, p. 663 102 Ibid., pp. 3634 103 Mollie Panter-Downes, London War Notes 19391945, ed. William Shawn, Longman, 1972, p. 70 104 King George VI to Queen Mary, 14 October 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/138 105 Malcolm Macdonald to Queen Elizabeth, 27 December 1977, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 106 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 447 107 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 108 Angus Calder, The People"s War: Britain 19391945, Pimlico, 1992, pp. 1202 109 Owen Morshead to Queen Mary, 10 June 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC48/914 110 Hostage to Fortune: The Letters of Joseph P. Kennedy, p. 457 111 Harold Nicolson, Diaries and Letters: 19391945, ed. Nigel Nicolson, Collins, 1967, p. 100 112 Ibid.

113 King George VI, diary, 18 June 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 114 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 464 115 Ibid.

116 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 117 Laird, pp. 24950 118 Eugene Keryell to Lady Grigg, 2 August 1940, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1940/41 119 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 423 120 Ibid., p. 434 121 King George VI to Queen Mary, 7 July 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/130 122 Queen Mary to King George VI, 8 July 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 123 Letters from members of the public to Queen Elizabeth, September 1939 and undated, CAC GLLD/21/7A/36, 8 124 Notes by Queen Elizabeth, 6 July 1940 (copy), enclosed with letter from Sir Alexander Hardinge to Lord Lloyd, CAC GLLD/21/7A/1. Lord Lloyd burned the original handwritten memorandum from the Queen, but kept a typed copy which remains in the Lloyd Papers at the Churchill Archive Centre, Cambridge 125 Sir Alexander Hardinge to Queen Elizabeth, 7 July 1940, RA QEQM/PRIV/OFF 126 Ziegler, Edward VIII, pp. 42833 127 Rhodes James, p. 219 128 Ziegler, Edward VIII, p. 435 129 King George VI to Queen Mary, 11 September 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/134 130 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 13 September 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/135 131 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 13 September 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/135 132 Betty Spencer Shew, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, 1955, p. 76, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 469 133 King George VI to Queen Mary, 14 October 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/138 134 Myrtle Farquharson to Queen Elizabeth, 26 September 1940, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 135 Bradford, George VI, p. 430 136 Lord Woolton, diary, 11 October 1940, Bodleian Library, MS Woolton 2 137 Ibid.

138 Mrs Walter Elliot to Lettice Bowlby, 30 October 1940, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1940/53 139 Edna Healey, The Queen"s House, Michael Joseph, 1997, p. 306 140 Hartnell, pp. 1012 141 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 467 142 Hartnell, pp. 1012 143 King George VI to Queen Mary, 11 September 1940 RA QM/PRIV/CC12/134 144 Owen Morshead, notes, 12 November 1940, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/2 145 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 146 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 25 October 1940, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 147 Owen Morshead, notes, 12 November 1940, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/2 148 Anne Chamberlain to Queen Elizabeth, 16 October [1940], RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 149 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, p. 683 150 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 25 October 1940, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 151 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 19 October 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/139 152 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 31 October 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/141 153 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 19 October 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/139 154 Laird, p. 253 155 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 25 October 1940, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 156 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 157 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 31 October 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/141 158 Ibid.

159 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 7 January 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/147 160 Marion Crawford to Queen Mary, 23 February 1941, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 ff. 679 161 King George VI, diary, 2122 December 1940, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 162 Queen Elizabeth to George Duke of Kent, 14 January 1941, RA QEQM/OUT/MISC 163 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 7 January 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/147 164 Queen Elizabeth to Winston Churchill, 21 January 1941, CAC CHAR/20/29A/38 165 King George VI, diary, "Retrospect of 1940", RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 166 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 7 January 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/147 167 Roberts, History of the English-Speaking Peoples since 1900, p. 286 168 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 7 January 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/147 169 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. Elizabeth Elphinstone, 7 February 1941, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 170 Queen Elizabeth to George, Duke of Kent, 14 January 1941, RA QEQM/OUT/GDK 171 Keegan, p. 131 172 President Roosevelt to King George VI (copy), 22 November 1940, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/243/34 173 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 4 February 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/151 174 Longford, Queen Mother, p. 80 175 Laird, pp. 2512 176 Lord Wigram to Lady Airlie, 24 February 1941, British Library, Add MSS 82768 177 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 17 February 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/153 178 Robert Menzies, Dark and Hurrying Days, National Library of Australia, 1993, pp. 667 179 King George VI to Queen Mary, 17 March 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/157 180 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 8 March 1941, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 181 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 21 March 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/158 182 Marion Crawford to Queen Mary, 23 February 1941, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers Papers 318 ff. 679 183 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 21 March 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/158 184 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Astor (copy), 23 March 1941, RA QEQMH/GEN/1990/Wasley 185 Keegan, p. 133 186 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 10 April 1941, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 187 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 13 April 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/161 188 Queen Elizabeth to Lord Halifax, 23 April 1941, Hickleton Papers A2/278/26A/5 189 Nicolson, Diaries and Letters 19391945, p. 137 190 Churchill to King George VI, 5 January 1941, RA PS/PSO/GVI/C/069/07 191 Churchill to Queen Elizabeth, 3 February 1941, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 192 Queen Elizabeth to Churchill, 21 January 1941, CAC CHAR 20/29A/38 193 Churchill to Queen Elizabeth, 9 May 1941, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 194 Queen Elizabeth to Churchill, 12 May 1941, RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/1997/Gilbert 195 King George VI, diary, 13 May 1941, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 196 Roberts, History of the English-Speaking Peoples since 1900, p. 287 197 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 12 May 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/164 198 Calder, People"s War, p. 223 199 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 1 August 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/170 200 Roberts, History of the English-Speaking People since 1900, pp. 2867 201 Hon. David Bowes Lyon to Queen Elizabeth, n.d. [June 1941], RA QEQM/PRIV/OFF 202 File on Queen Elizabeth"s broadcast to America, RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/1941/America 203 Queen Elizabeth to Churchill, 2 August 1941, CAC CHAR 20/20/32 204 Queen Elizabeth"s broadcast, 10 August 1941, RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/1941/America 205 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 530 206 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 3 August 1941, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 207 Rt Rev. Michael Furse to Queen Elizabeth, 3 August 1941, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 208 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 28 August 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/173 209 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 5 September 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/174 210 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Elizabeth II, 3 September 1982, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 211 J. W. Pickersgill (ed.), The Mackenzie King Record, vol. I: 193944, University of Chicago Press and University of Toronto Press, 1960, pp. 2547 212 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 9 December 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/179 213 Ibid.

214 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 215 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 533 216 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 9 December 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/179 217 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 218 Ibid.

219 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 533 220 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 28 December 1941, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/182

FOURTEEN: YEARS LIKE GREAT BLACK OXEN 19421945

1 The story of John Piper and Windsor Castle is recounted in Owens, pp. 3441. See also Susan Owens, " "Evocation or Topography": John Piper"s Watercolours of Windsor Castle, 194144", Burlington Magazine, September 2005, pp. 598605 2 Owens, p. 34 3 Ibid., p. 107 4 Ibid., p. 37 5 Ibid., p. 38 6 Ibid.

7 Ibid., p. 41 8 Ibid.

9 Ibid., p. 13 10 The Times, 5 April 1938 11 Owens, p. 19 12 Ibid., p. 30 13 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RAQEQM/ADD/MISC 14 Queen Elizabeth to J. P. Morgan (incomplete draft), 19 January 1942, RA QEQM/OUT/MISC 15 King George VI, diary, 19 January 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 535 16 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 14 February 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/5 17 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. Elizabeth Elphinstone, 27 February 1942, private collection 18 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 13 January 1942, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 19 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 10 April 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/10 20 Ibid.

21 King George VI, diary, 34 May 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 22 Rt Rev. Edward Woods to Queen Elizabeth, 4 May 1942, RAQEQM/PRIV/PAL/Woods 23 Rt Rev. Edward Woods to Queen Elizabeth, 28 August 1942, RAQEQM/PRIV/PAL/Woods 24 Rt Rev. Edward Woods to Queen Elizabeth, 6 November 1942, RAQEQM/PRIV/PAL/Woods 25 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 540 26 Gladys Saunders, Mayoress of Exeter, to Queen Elizabeth, 10 May 1942, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1942/41 27 Raymond Leppard, On Music, Pro/Am Music Resources, New York, 1993, pp. 4423 28 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 10 June 1942, RAQM/PRIV/CC13/16 29 Lieutenant Colonel Tom Draffen to Arthur Penn, 21 February 1942; Arthur Penn to Tom Draffen, 30 April 1942, RAQEQMH/PS/ARMFOR/Former Regiments/Queen"s Bays 30 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 10 June 1942, RAQM/PRIV/CC13/16 31 King George VI to Queen Mary, 22 June 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/18 32 Sir Alan Lascelles, King"s Counsellor: The Wartime Diaries, ed. Duff Hart-Davis, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2006, p. 33 33 Ibid., p. 34 34 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 20 July 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/20 35 Ibid.

36 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Doris Vyner, 5 June 1942; King George VI to Lady Doris Vyner, 7 June 1942, Vyner Papers 37 King George VI to Queen Elizabeth, n.d. [25 August 1942], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 38 Bradford, George VI, p. 456 39 King George VI, diary, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 548 40 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 13 September 1942, Sitwell Papers 41 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 31 August 1942, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 42 d.u.c.h.ess of Kent to Queen Elizabeth, 8 September 1942, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 43 Queen Mary to King George VI, 1 September 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 44 Queen Mary to Duke of Windsor, 31 August 1942, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINB/156 45 Queen Mary to Duke of Windsor, 18 October 1942, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINB/161 46 Duke of Windsor to Queen Mary, 12 September 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC9 47 Duke of Windsor to King George VI, 15 September 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/02/16 48 Queen Mary, undated note with letters from Duke of Windsor, September 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC9 49 Queen Mary to King George VI, 15 October 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 50 King George VI to Queen Mary, 4 December 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/30 51 Ibid.

52 Queen Mary to King George VI, 4 December 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 53 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 5 March 1943, Sitwell Papers 54 Lascelles, p. 100 55 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 23 August 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/62 56 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 27 September 1942, Sitwell Papers 57 Osbert Sitwell to Queen Elizabeth, 20 Sepember 1942, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Sitwell; Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 27 September 1942, Sitwell Papers 58 Queen Elizabeth to King George VI, 30 September 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/74 59 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 13 October 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/24 60 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 16 October 1942 (misdated November), RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 61 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 16 October 1942, Sitwell Papers 62 Queen Elizabeth to Arthur Penn, 30 September 1942, Penn Papers 63 Queen Elizabeth to Arthur Penn, 12 October 1942, Penn Papers 64 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 16 October 1942, Sitwell Papers 65 Lascelles, pp. 58, 46 66 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 16 October 1942, Sitwell Papers 67 Queen Elizabeth to King George VI, 10 0ctober 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/76 68 Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, vol. VII, William Heinemann, 1986, p. 646 69 Queen Elizabeth to Eleanor Roosevelt, message in telegram from Sir Alexander Hardinge to British Amba.s.sador in Washington, 12 September 1942, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/06093 70 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 7 October 1942, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/06093 71 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 13 and 19 October 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/24, 26 72 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 19 October 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/26 73 Transcript of Mrs Roosevelt"s press conference after her visit to Britain, 18 November 1942, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/06093 74 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 550 75 Ibid., p. 551 76 Lascelles, pp. 667 77 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 551 78 Tables on the mobilization of women, sent to the Queen on Bevin"s instructions, 5 November 1942, RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF 79 Transcript of Mrs Roosevelt"s press conference, 18 November 1942, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/06093 80 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 2 November 1942, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 81 Lascelles, p. 69 82 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 2 November 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/28 83 File on proposed interview, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/06489; Lascelles, pp. 74, 824 84 Transcript of Mrs Roosevelt"s press conference, 18 November 1942, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/06093 85 Ibid.

86 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 13 December 1942, RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/06093 87 Author"s interview with Lady Soames 88 King George VI, diary, 3 November 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 89 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC; Rhodes James, p. 223 90 King George VI, diary, 3 November 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 91 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 92 King George VI, diary, 4 November 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 93 Calder, People"s War, p. 304 94 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Halifax, telegram, 4 November 1942, Hickleton Papers, A2/279/13 95 Lady Halifax to Queen Elizabeth, 5 November 1942, Hickleton Papers A2/279/13 96 Winston Churchill"s speech at the Mansion House, November 10 1942, Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, p. 734 97 General Alexander to Winston Churchill, telegram, 4 February 1943, quoted in Wheeler-Bennett, p. 563 98 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 564 99 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 3 January 1943, Sitwell Papers 100 Keegan, Churchill, pp. 1457 101 King George VI, diary, 28 January 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 102 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 14 February 1943, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 103 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/PRIV/ADD/MISC 104 Franklin Watts (ed.), Voices of History 194243, 1943, p. 121, quoted by Martin Gilbert, Auschwitz and the Allies, Michael Joseph, 1981, p. 20 105 Council of Jewish Women"s Organizations to Queen Elizabeth, 3 December 1942, RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF; Harriet Cohen to Queen Elizabeth, n.d. [December 1942], RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF 106 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 13 October 1942, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/24 107 Sir Alan Lascelles to Lady Airlie, 29 December 1943, British Library, Add MSS 82768 108 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alexander Hardinge, 19 March 1943, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 109 Queen Elizabeth to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 4 May 1943, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 ff. 2023 110 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 5 April 1943, CAC LASL 2/3/2 111 Sir Alan Lascelles to Queen Elizabeth, 56 April 1943, CAC LASL 2/3/3 112 Winston Churchill to Queen Elizabeth, 8 April 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF; Queen Elizabeth to Winston Churchill, 13 April 1943, CAC CHAR 20/98A/56 113 Queen Elizabeth"s broadcast, 11 April 1943, RA QEQMH/PS/SPE; RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF; RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/03959/C 114 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 11 April 1943, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 115 Lascelles, p. 122 116 Queen Elizabeth to Winston Churchill, 13 April 1943, CAC CHAR 20/98A/56 117 Winston Churchill to Queen Elizabeth, 16 April 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF 118 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 17 October 1943, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 119 Ziegler, Osbert Sitwell, pp. 2756 120 Osbert Sitwell to Queen Elizabeth, 7 March 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Sitwell 121 Ziegler, Osbert Sitwell, pp. 2756 122 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 123 Owen Morshead"s correspondence re safekeeping of Royal Library material, RA AEC/GG12 124 Owens, p. 22 125 King George VI, instructions to Queen Elizabeth, 9 June 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 126 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 12 June 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/54 127 King George VI to Queen Elizabeth, 14 June 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 128 Queen Elizabeth to King George VI, 14 June 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/78 129 Queen Elizabeth to King George VI, 17 June 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/79 130 Laird, p. 262 131 Queen Elizabeth to King George VI, 17 June 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/79 132 Bradford, George VI, pp. 46770 133 King George VI, diary, 2425 June 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 134 King George VI to Queen Mary, 28 June 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/56 135 King George VI to Queen Elizabeth, message sent in note from Sir Alan Lascelles to Queen Elizabeth, 20 June 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF 136 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 578 137 Clementine Churchill to Queen Elizabeth, 19 June 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 138 Queen Elizabeth to King George VI, 14 June 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/78 139 Alastair Philips in Glasgow Herald, quoted in Laird, p. 262 140 King George VI, diary, 27 May 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 141 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 142 King George VI, diary, 25 June 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 143 Arthur Penn to Sir Alan Lascelles, 9 July 1943, CAC LASL/2/3/1 144 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 26 June 1943, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 145 Lascelles, pp. 1389 146 Vickers, p. 241 147 King George VI, diary, 6 July 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 148 King George VI, diary, 7 July 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 149 Rose, Kings, Queens and Courtiers, pp. 1412 150 Rhodes James, p. 249 151 Helen Hardinge to Queen Elizabeth, 7 [July] 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 152 Helen Hardinge, diary 8 July 1943, Hon. Lady Murray Papers 153 RA PS/PSO/GVI/PS/MAIN/06518.

154 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 15 July 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 155 Queen Mary to Lady Airlie, 8 August 1943, British Library, Add MSS 82748 156 Arthur Murrayto Lady Doris Vyner, 30 July 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 157 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Cranborne, 31 July 1943, Hatfield House, Papers of Elizabeth, Marchioness of Salisbury 158 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Cranborne, 30 September 1943, Hatfield House, Papers of Elizabeth, Marchioness of Salisbury 159 Sir Alan Lascelles to Queen Elizabeth, 10 October 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 160 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 20 November 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/74 161 Queen Elizabeth to Arthur Penn, 7 October 1943, Penn Papers 162 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 17 October 1943, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 163 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 25 September 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/64 164 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 30 November 1943, Sitwell Papers 165 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 1 February 1944, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 166 King George VI, diary, 26 February and 21 April 1942, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 167 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 20 November 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/74 168 Arthur Penn to Queen Elizabeth, 20 November 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Penn 169 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 12 December 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/76 170 Ibid.

171 Princess Elizabeth to Marion Crawford, 1 January 1944, RA QEII/OUT/BUTHLAY 172 Lascelles, p. 189 173 Prince Philip of Greece to Queen Elizabeth, 31 December 1943, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 174 Prince Philip to Queen Elizabeth, 23 July [1944], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 175 Queen Mary to King George VI, 6 March 1944, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 176 Ibid.

177 King George VI to Queen Mary, 17 March 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/84 178 Queen Mary to King George VI, 20 March 1944, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 179 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 23 October 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/69 180 Queen Mary to King George VI, 10 December 1943, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 181 King George VI to Queen Mary, 14 December 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/77 182 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 4 May 1944, Sitwell Papers 183 Owen Morshead to Queen Mary, 8 May 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC48/1184 184 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 21 June 1944, Sitwell Papers 185 Keegan, p. 153 186 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 21 June 1944, Sitwell Papers 187 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, p. 781 188 King George VI, diary, 30 May 1944, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY; Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 6016 189 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 18 May 1944, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 190 King George VI to Queen Mary, 10 June 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/90; Wheeler-Bennett, p. 607 191 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 21 June 1944, Sitwell Papers 192 Evelyn Waugh, Unconditional Surrender, 1961, p. 245, quoted in Calder, The People"s War, p. 560 193 Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, vol. VII, William Heinemann, 1985, pp. 81213 194 Queen Elizabeth to Arthur Penn, 18 June 1944, Penn Papers 195 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, p. 782 196 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 610 197 King George VI to Queen Mary, 25 June 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/91 198 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 8 July 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/93 199 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 27 June 1944, RA QEQM/OUT/CHILD 200 King George VI to Princess Elizabeth, June 1944, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF (with letters from King George VI to Queen Elizabeth) 201 Kenneth Clark to Queen Elizabeth, 22 June 1944, QEQM/PRIV/PIC 202 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, pp. 7823 203 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 17 July 1944, RA/QM/PRIV/CC13/95 204 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles (quoted in Sir Alan Lascelles to Queen Elizabeth, 29 March 1945), RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF 205 Sir Alan Lascelles to Queen Elizabeth, 29 March 1945, RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF 206 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 17 July 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/95 207 King George VI to Queen Elizabeth, 22 July 1944, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 208 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 26 July 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/96 209 Ibid.

210 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 29 July 1944, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 211 Betty Bowes Lyon to Queen Elizabeth, 25 July [1944], RA QEQM/PRIV/BL 212 King George VI to Queen Elizabeth, 29 July 1944, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 213 Queen Elizabeth to King George VI, 26 July 1944, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/80 214 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 31 July 1944, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 215 D Arcy Osborne to Queen Elizabeth, 3 August 1944, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Osborne 216 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 4 August 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/97 217 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 30 July 1944, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 218 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 4 August 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/97 219 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 19 August 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/98 220 Queen Elizabeth to Winston Churchill, CAC CHAR 1/380/52 221 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, telegram, 6 November 1944, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 222 Hon. David Bowes Lyon to Queen Elizabeth, telegram, 6 November 1944, Bowes Lyon papers, SPW 223 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 14 November 1944, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 224 Laird, p. 267 225 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 14 November 1944, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 226 Queen Elizabeth to Winston Churchill, 14 November 1944, CAC, CHAR 1/380/52 227 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 4 October 1944, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 228 Queen Elizabeth, message to Commanding Officer (Lieutenant Colonel Hon. Michael Bowes Lyon), 31 July 1944, RA QEQM/PS/ENGT/1944/43 229 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 61415 230 Laird, pp. 2678 231 Queen Elizabeth"s speech at Middle Temple, 12 December 1944, RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1944/39 232 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 18 December 1944, Sitwell Papers 233 King George VI, diary, 2126 December 1944, RA KGVI/PRIV/DIARY 234 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 28 December 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/114 235 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 26 January 1945, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/117 236 Queen Elizabeth to D"Arcy Osborne, 14 February 1945, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 237 Queen Elizabeth to Hon. Sir Richard Molyneux, 20 March 1945, RA QEQM/OUT/MOLYNEUX/113 238 Queen Mary to King George VI, 13 April 1945, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 239 King George VI to Queen Mary, 23 April 1945, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/122 240 King George VI, diary, 8 May 1945, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 241 David Kynaston, Austerity Britain 194551, Bloomsbury, 2007, p. 212 242 King George VI, diary, 8 May 1945, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 243 King George VI to Queen Mary, 22 May 1945, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/124 244 Hansard, 15 May 1945 245 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 14 May 1945, Sitwell Papers

FIFTEEN: WAR TO PEACE 19451947

1 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 18 September 1945, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/133 2 King George VI, diary, 1820 May 1945, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 3 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Doris Vyner, 12 May 1945, Vyner Papers 4 King George VI to Most Rev. Cosmo Lang, 19 May 1945, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers 318 f. 162 5 Queen Mary to King George VI, 27 May 1945, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 6 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, pp. 8435 7 Peter Hennessy, Never Again, Jonathan Cape, 1992, p. 94 8 Ibid.

9 King George VI, diary, 26 July 1945, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 10 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 637 11 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 26 July 1945, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/128 12 Gilbert, Churchill: A Life, pp. 8546 13 The Noel Coward Diaries, 1982, p. 36, quoted in Kynaston, p. 78 14 Rhodes James, p. 283 15 Channon, Diaries, 15 August 1945, p. 501 16 "Speeches and Replies to Addresses by His Majesty King George VI", printed for the Private Secretary"s Office, RA 17 James Lees-Milne, Prophesying Peace: Diaries 19441945, Chatto & Windus, 1977, 15 August 1945 18 Countess Spencer to Earl Spencer, 13 September 1945, Althorp Archives 19 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Cranborne, 7 October 1945, Hatfield House, Papers of Elizabeth, Marchioness of Salisbury 20 Owen Morshead, notes on conversation with Sir Alan Lascelles, 10 November 1945, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/2 21 Bradford, George VI, p. 594, quoting Alec Hardinge"s subsequent remark that the King "literally died for England"

22 Owen Morshead, notes on conversation with Sir Alan Lascelles, 10 November 1945, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/2.

23 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 654 24 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 18 September 1945, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/133 25 Winston Churchill to Duke of Windsor (copy), 31 December 1944, CAC CHAR/20/148/28 26 Queen Mary to King George VI, 27 August 1945, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 27 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 18 September 1945, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/133 28 King George VI to Queen Mary, 23 September 1945, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/135 29 Owen Morshead, notes on conversation with Queen Mary, 18 February 1946, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/2 30 King George VI to Queen Mary, 6 October 1945, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/137 31 Queen Mary to King George VI, 25 September 1945, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 32 Lascelles, p. 361 33 Frank Prochaska, Royal Bounty, Yale University Press, 1995, p. 206 34 Ibid., p. 218 35 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 19 February 1943, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/39 36 Prochaska, Royal Bounty, p. 229 37 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 38 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 653 39 Ibid., p. 654 40 Laird, p. 272 41 Queen Elizabeth to Hon. Sir Richard Molyneux, 19 December 1945, RA QEQM/OUT/MOLYNEUX/115 42 Hon. David Bowes Lyon to Rachel Bowes Lyon, 1 January 1946, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 43 Queen Mary to King George VI, 31 January 1946, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11; Owen Morshead, notes on conversation with Queen Mary, 18 February 1946, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/2 44 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. David Bowes Lyon, 26 January 1946, Bowes Lyon Papers, SPW 45 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Delia Peel, 27 August 1945, Althorp Archives 46 Queen Elizabeth to Arthur Penn, 29 March 1946, Penn Papers 47 Arthur Penn to Queen Elizabeth, 1 April 1946, RA QEQM/PRIV/HH 48 Jasper Ridley to Queen Elizabeth, 27 January 1946, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Ridley 49 Hon. Sir Richard Molyneux to Queen Elizabeth, 8 January 1946, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Molyneux 50 King George VI, diary, 2228 April 1946, RA GVI/PRIV/DIARY 51 Clementine Churchill to Queen Elizabeth, 26 April 1946, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 52 Laird, p. 274 53 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Cranborne, 25 September 1946, Hatfield House, Papers of Elizabeth, Marchioness of Salisbury 54 Queen Elizabeth to King George VI, 8 October 1946, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/26/82 55 Osbert Sitwell to Queen Elizabeth, 23 June 1945, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Sitwell 56 Author"s interview with Sir Oliver Millar 57 Queen Mary to King George VI, 22 November 1946, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 58 Queen Elizabeth to Osbert Sitwell, 12 November 1946, Sitwell Papers 59 Queen Elizabeth to Toronto Scottish, 20 October 1945, RA QEQMH/PS/ARMFOR/Toronto Scottish 60 Queen Elizabeth to 5th Battalion, The Black Watch (draft telegram), n.d. [February 1946], RA QEQMH/PS/ARMFOR/Black Watch 61 Queen Elizabeth to Lord Wavell, 9 April 1946 (incomplete draft), RA QEQM/OUT/MISC 62 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 13 November 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/111 63 Helen Hudson, c.u.mberland Lodge: A House through History, Phillimore, 1989, p. 147 64 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 13 November 1944, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/111 65 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. Elizabeth Elphinstone, 5 February 1950, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 66 Afrikaans vocabulary lists, RA QEQM/PRIV/VIS 67 Sir Edmund Grove Papers 68 Arthur Penn to Queen Elizabeth, 5 February 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/HH 69 Princess Elizabeth to Marion Crawford, 15 February 1947, RA QEII/OUT/BUTHLAY 70 RA F&V/VISOV/SA/1947/Diary of the Royal Visit to South Africa 71 Ibid.

72 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 16 February 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/148 73 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 687 74 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 23 February 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/149 75 Sir Edmund Grove Papers 76 Sir Alan Lascelles to Lady Lascelles, 22 February 1947, CAC LASL 4/4/4 77 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 23 February 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/149 78 Enid Bagnold Letters, Diana Cooper Papers, Box VII, Eton College Library 79 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 80 Sir Edmund Grove Papers 81 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 21 February 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/169 82 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 9 March 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/172 83 Queen Elizabeth, conversations with Eric Anderson, 19945, RA QEQM/ADD/MISC 84 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 9 March 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/172 85 Enid Bagnold Letters, Diana Cooper Papers, Box VII, Eton College Library 86 Sir Alan Lascelles to his son, 10 March 1947, CAC LASL 4/4/9 87 RA F&V/VISOV/SA/1947/Diary of the Royal Visit to South Africa, 12 March 1947 88 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 26 April 1947, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 89 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 28 March 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/152 90 Bradford, George VI, p. 519 91 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. Elizabeth Elphinstone, 23 March 1947, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 92 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 9 April 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/153 93 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 9 March 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/172 94 Longford, Queen Mother, p. 111 95 Note by Edmund Grove on King George VI and the South Africa Tour, 1947, Sir Edmund Grove Papers 96 King George VI to Queen Mary, 6 April 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/174 97 Bradford, George VI, pp. 51920 98 Enid Bagnold Letters, Diana Cooper Papers, Box VII, Eton College Library 99 Queen Elizabeth to the Hon. Elizabeth Elphinstone, 23 March 1947, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 100 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 26 April 1947, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 101 Wheeler-Bennett, notes of interview with Sir Edward Fielden, RA AEC/GG/20 102 Sir John Kennedy to Queen Elizabeth, 14 January 1959, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL 103 Longford, Queen Mother, p. 110 104 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 16 April 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/176 105 d.u.c.h.ess of Kent to Queen Elizabeth, 20 April 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 106 Dermot Morrah, The Royal Family in Africa, Hutchinson, 1947, p. 124 107 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 22 April 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 108 Morrah, Royal Family in Africa, p. 128 109 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 26 April 1947, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 110 Sir Alan Lascelles to Lady Lascelles, 30 April 1947, CAC LASL 4/4/2/17

SIXTEEN: JOY AND SORROW 19471952

1 Longford, Queen Mother, p. 102 2 Rose Granville to Queen Elizabeth, 22 March 1946, RA QEQM/PRIV/BL 3 Sir Alan Lascelles to Queen Elizabeth, 12 December 1945, RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD 4 Longford, Queen Mother, p. 106 5 Prince Philip to Queen Elizabeth, 12 June 46, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 6 Prince Philip to Queen Elizabeth, 14 September 1946, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 7 Ibid.

8 Prince Philip to Queen Elizabeth, 3 December [1946], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 9 Prince Philip to Queen Elizabeth, 28 January [1947], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 10 Prince Philip to Queen Elizabeth, 11 June [1947], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 11 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 7 July 1947, (draft letter, unfinished and possibly not sent; no final version in Lascelles"s papers) RA QEQM/PRIV/HH 12 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 7 July 1947, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 13 Queen Elizabeth to Arthur Penn, 9 July 1947, Penn Papers 14 Arthur Penn to Queen Elizabeth, 13 June 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Penn 15 Arthur Penn to Queen Elizabeth, 9 July 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Penn 16 King George VI to Queen Mary, 14 September 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/183 17 Queen Ingrid of Denmark to Queen Elizabeth, 13 October 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/FORRF 18 D"Arcy Osborne to the Queen, 20 July 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Osborne 19 Normal Hartnell to King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, 15 October 1947; Commander Richard Colville to Queen Elizabeth, 17 October 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD 20 Richard Colville to Queen Elizabeth, 10 November 1947, QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF 21 King George VI to Queen Mary, 6 November 1947, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/188 22 Duff Cooper, p. 453 23 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Elizabeth, 22 November 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 24 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 7545 25 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Elizabeth, 22 November 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 26 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 24 November 1947, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 27 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Elizabeth, 30 November 1947, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 28 Prince Philip to Queen Elizabeth, 3 December [1947], RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 29 Wheeler-Bennett, pp. 7602 30 "Speeches and Replies to Addresses by His Majesty King George VI", printed for the Private Secretary"s Office, RA 31 Laird, p. 296 32 King George VI to Queen Mary, 3 May 1948, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/198 33 Duff Cooper, p. 463 34 Prochaska, Royal Bounty, p. 234 35 Ibid.

36 Ibid., p. 244 37 Laird, p. 279 38 Prochaska, Royal Bounty, p. 235 39 Ibid.

40 Ibid., p. 236 41 Ibid.

42 Ibid., p. 238 43 Letter to Queen Elizabeth from "All in the Gardens", RA QEQMH/PS/ENGT/1947/31 44 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 5 November 1948, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 45 Sir Alan Lascelles to Queen Elizabeth, 6 November 1948, RA QEQM/PRIV/CHILD 46 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 762 47 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 26 October 1948, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 48 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 14 November 1948, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/211 49 Princess Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 18 November 1948, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 50 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Salisbury, 27 November 1948, Hatfield House, Papers of Elizabeth, Marchioness of Salisbury 51 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 20 November 1948, RA QM/PRIV/CC13/212 52 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 12 December 1948, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 53 Queen Elizabeth to Winston Churchill, 27 December 1948, RA QEQM/OUT/MISC 54 Lady Salisbury to Queen Elizabeth, 7 December [1948], RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL/Salisbury 55 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Salisbury, 9 December 1948, Hatfield House, Papers of Elizabeth, Marchioness of Salisbury 56 Isaiah Berlin, Personal Impressions, ed. Henry Hardy, 2nd edn, Pimlico, 1998, p. 257 57 Queen Elizabeth to D"Arcy Osborne, 5 March 1949, RA QEQM/OUT/OSBORNE 58 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 769 59 Ibid., p. 768 60 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Violet Bonham Carter, 27 March 1949, Bodleian Library, MS BC 169/1256 61 Laird, p. 301 62 Queen Elizabeth to Marion Crawford, 1 January 1949, RA QEII/OUT/BUTHLAY 63 Marion Crawford to Queen Elizabeth, 28 January 1949, RA QEQM/PRIV/HH 64 Marion Crawford to Queen Elizabeth, 8 March 1949, RA QEQM/PRIV/HH 65 Queen Elizabeth to Marion Crawford, 4 April 1949, from a copy in Princeton University Library, quoted in Vickers, p. 283. This appears to be the only extant copy 66 Marion Crawford to Queen Elizabeth, 15 April 1949, RA QEQM/PRIV/HH 67 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Astor, 19 October 1949, quoted in Vickers, pp. 2856 68 Major Thomas Harvey to Lady Astor, undated draft, RA PS/PSO/QEII/PS/19/9/00/4 69 Notes by Princess Elizabeth, RA PS/PSO/QEII/PS/19/9/00/4; Lady Astor to Mr and Mrs Gould, quoted in Vickers, p. 286 70 Major Thomas Harvey to Lady Astor, undated draft, RA PS/PSO/QEII/PS/19/9/00/4 71 Bruce Gould to Lady Astor, 24 October 1949, RA PS/PSO/QEII/PS/19/9/00/4 72 Bruce and Beatrice Gould to Lady Astor, 27 October 1949, RA PS/PSO/QEII/PS/19/9/00/4 73 Queen Elizabeth to Major Thomas Harvey, undated memorandum [27 October 1949], RA PS/PSO/QEII/PS/19/9/00/4 74 Vickers, p. 289 75 Correspondence with Woman"s Own and Ca.s.sell & Co., January-March 1950, RA PPTO/PP/GVI/MAIN/7606 76 Laird, p. 301 77 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 15 October 1950, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/15 78 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth 29 December 1950, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 79 Ibid.

80 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 7 April 1951, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 81 King George VI to Queen Mary, 26 May 1951, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/26 82 King George VI to Queen Mary, 31 May 1951, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/28 83 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 787 84 Queen Mary to King George VI, 6 June 1951, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 85 King George VI to Queen Mary, 12 June 1951, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/30 86 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 10 July 1951, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/32 87 RA QEQM/PRIV/POEM.

88 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 788 89 King George VI to Queen Mary, 11 September 1951, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/35 90 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 17 September 1951, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/36 91 Bradford, George VI, pp. 6001 92 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 21 September 1951, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/37 93 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 788 94 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 22 September 1951, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 95 Sir Alan Lascelles to Queen Elizabeth, 23 September 1951, RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF 96 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 23 September 1951, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 97 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 23 September 1951, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/38 98 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 23 September 1951, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 99 Owen Morshead, notes of conversation with Sir Richard Molyneux, 30 March 1953, RA AEC/GG/12/OS/2 100 Sir Alan Lascelles to Queen Elizabeth, 23 September 1951, RA QEQM/PRIV/MISCOFF, and Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 23 September 1951, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 101 Queen Elizabeth to Duke of Windsor, 25 September 1951, RA EDW/PRIV/MAINB/182 102 Queen Mary to King George VI, 17 November 1951, RA GVI/PRIV/RF/11 103 Bradford, George VI, p. 601 104 Queen Elizabeth to May Elphinstone, 5 October 1951, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 105 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Elizabeth, 16 October 1951, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 106 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Elizabeth, 4 November 1951, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 107 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 15 October 1951, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 108 Princess Elizabeth to Queen Elizabeth, 4 November 1951, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 109 King George VI to Queen Mary, 14 October 1951, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/40 110 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth 15 October 1951, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 111 Bradford, George VI, p. 605 112 Ibid.

113 King George VI to Queen Mary, 23 January 1952, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/42 114 Wheeler-Bennett, p. 605 115 Queen Elizabeth to Princess Elizabeth, 2 February 1952, RA QEII/PRIV/RF 116 Ibid.

117 King George VI to Sir John Weir (copy, enclosed with letter from Sir John Weir to Queen Elizabeth, 21 February 1952), 3 February 1952, RA QEQM/PRIV/PAL; King George VI to Lord Halifax, 4 February 1952, Hickleton Papers, A2/278/26/7 118 John Wheeler-Bennett, interview with James Macdonald, 20 October 1954, RA AEC/GG/20 119 Queen Elizabeth to Lady Delia Peel, 11 February 1952, Althorp Archives 120 Queen Elizabeth to Edward Seago (extract), n.d. [February 1952], RA QEQMH/PS/GEN/1989/Seago 121 John Wheeler-Bennett, interview with James Macdonald, 20 October 1954, RA AEC/GG/20 122 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 6 February 1952, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/44 123 Bradford, George VI, pp. 6078: author"s interview with Edward Ford 124 Ibid., p. 608 125 Ibid., pp. 6078: author"s interview with Edward Ford 126 RA QM/PRIV/DIARY/1952: 6 February 127 Queen Elizabeth to Queen Mary, 6 February 1952, RA QM/PRIV/CC14/44 128 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 7 February 1952, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 129 Commander Michael Parker quoted in Bradford, Elizabeth, p. 66 130 Author"s interview with Countess Mountbatten of Burma 131 Pope-Hennessy, p. 619 132 Queen Mary to Queen Elizabeth, 7 February 1952, RA QEQM/PRIV/RF 133 Queen Elizabeth II to John Elphinstone, 13 February 1952, RA QEQM/OUT/ELPHINSTONE 134 Queen Elizabeth to Sir Alan Lascelles, 12 February 1953, RA PS/PSO/AL/Box B 135 Sir Alan Lascell