GUANO. The excrement of sea-birds, a valuable manure found in thick beds on certain islets on the coast of Peru, indeed, in all tropical climates. The transport of it occupies a number of vessels, called _guaneros_. It is of a dingy yellow colour, and offensive ammoniacal effluvium. Captain Shelvocke mentions it in 1720, having taken a small bark laden with it.
GUARA. The singular and ingenious rudder by which the rafts or balzas of Peru are enabled to work to windward. It consists of long boards between the beams, which are raised or sunk according to the required evolution.
A device not unlike the sliding-keels or centre-boards lately introduced.
GUARANTEE. An undertaking to secure the performance of articles stipulated between any two parties. Also, the individual who so undertakes.
GUARD. The duty performed by a body of men stationed to watch and protect any post against surprise. A division of marines appointed to take the duty for a stated portion of time. "Guard, turn out!" the order to the marines on the captain"s approaching the ship. Also, the bow of a trigger and the hilt of a sword.
GUARDA-COSTA. Vessels of war of various sizes which formerly cruised against smugglers on the South American coasts.
GUARD-BOARDS. Synonymous with _chain-wales_.
GUARD-BOAT. A boat appointed to row the rounds amongst the ships of war in any harbour, &c., to observe that their officers keep a good look-out, calling to the guard-boat as she pa.s.ses, and not suffering her crew to come on board without previously having communicated the watch-word of the night. Also, a boat employed to enforce the quarantine regulations.
GUARD-BOOK. Report of guard; a copy of which is delivered at the admiral"s office by the officer of the last guard. Also, a full set of his accounts kept by a warrant-officer for the purpose of pa.s.sing them.
GUARD-FISH. A corruption of the word _gar-fish_.
GUARDIAN OF THE CINQUE PORTS. Otherwise _lord warden_ (which see).
GUARD-IRONS. Curved bars of iron placed over the ornaments of a ship to defend them from damage.
GUARDO. A familiar term applied equally to a guard-ship or any person belonging to her. It implies "harbour-going;" an easy life.
GUARDO-MOVE. A trick upon a landsman, generally performed in a guard-ship.
GUARD-SHIP. A vessel of war appointed to superintend the marine affairs in a harbour, and to visit the ships which are not commissioned every night; she is also to receive seamen who are impressed in time of war.
In the great ports she carries the flag of the commander-in-chief. Each ship takes the guard in turn at 9 A.M.; the vessel thus on duty hoists the union-jack at the mizen, and performs the duties afloat for twenty-four hours. The officer of the guard is accountable to the admiral for all transactions on the water during his guard.
GUBB, OR GUBBEN. The Erse term for a young sea-gull.
GUBBER. One who gathers oak.u.m, driftwood, &c., along a beach. The word also means black mud.
GUDDLE, TO. To catch fish with the hands by groping along a stream"s bank.
GUDGE, TO. To poke or prod for fish under stones and banks of a river.
GUDGEON. The _Gobio fluviatilis_, a well-known river-fish, 6 or 7 inches in length.
GUDGEONS. The metal braces with eyes bolted upon the stern-post for the pintles of the rudder to work in, as upon hinges. Also, the notches made in the carrick-bitts for receiving the metal bushes wherein the spindle of a windla.s.s works.
GUEBRES. Fire-worshippers. (_See_ Pa.r.s.eES.)
GUERDON. A reward or recompense for good service.
GUERILLA. Originally an irregular warfare, but now used mostly for the irresponsible kind of partisan who carries it on.
GUERITE, OR GALITA. In fortification, a projecting turret on the top of the escarp, whence a sentry may observe the outside of the rampart.
GUERNSEY-FROCK. _See_ JERSEY.
GUESS-WARP, OR GUEST-ROPE. A rope carried to a distant object, in order to warp a vessel towards it, or to make fast a boat. (_See_ CHEST-ROPE.)
GUESTLINGS. The name of certain meetings held at the Cinque Ports.
GUEST-WARP BOOM. A swinging spar (lower studding-boom) rigged from the ship"s side with a warp for boats to ride by.
GUFFER. A British sea-fish of the blenny tribe, common under stones at low-water mark, remarkable as being ovo-viviparous.
GUIDE. _See_ FLOOR-GUIDE.
GUIDE-RODS. The regulators of the cross-head of an engine"s air-pump.
GUIDES. Men supposed to know the country and its roads employed to direct a body of men on their march. The French and Belgians have "corps de guides."
GUIDON. The swallow-tailed silk flag in use by dragoon regiments, instead of a standard. Also, the sergeant bearing the same.
GUIDOR. A name in our old statutes synonymous with _conder_ (which see).
GUILLEM. A sea-fowl. (_See_ LAVY.)
GUILLEMOT. A web-footed diving sea-bird allied to the auks.
GUIMAD. A small fish of the river Dee.
GUINEA-BOAT. A fast-rowing galley, of former times, expressly built for smuggling gold across the Channel, in use at Deal.
GUINEAMAN. A negro slave-ship.
GUINEA-PIGS. The younger midshipmen of an Indiaman.
GUIST. The same as _guess_ or _guest_ (which see).
GULDEN. A name for a water-fowl.
GULF, OR GULPH. A capacious bay, and sometimes taking the name of a sea when it is very extensive; such are the Euxine or Black Sea, otherwise called the Gulf of Constantinople; the Adriatic Sea, called also the Gulf of Venice; the Mediterranean is itself a prodigious specimen. A gulf is, strictly speaking, distinguished from a sea in being smaller, and from a bay in being larger and deeper than it is broad. It is observed that the sea is always most dangerous near gulfs, from the currents being penned up by the sh.o.r.es.
GULF-STREAM. Is especially referable to that of Mexico, the waters of which flow in a warm stream at various velocities over the banks between Cuba and America, past the Bermudas, touch the tail of the great bank of Newfoundland, and thence in a sweep to Europe, part going north, and the other southerly down to the tropics again.
GULF-WEED. The _Fucus natans_, considered to belong to the Gulf Stream, and found floating in the Sarga.s.so Sea in the North Atlantic. Many small crustacea live amongst it, and a.s.sume its bright orange-yellow hue.
GUL-GUL. A sort of chunam or cement made of pounded sea-sh.e.l.ls mixed with oil, which hardens like a stone, and is put over a ship"s bottom in India, so that worms cannot penetrate even when the copper is off.
GULL. A well-known sea-bird of the genus _Larus_; there are many species. Also, a large trout in the north. The name is, moreover, familiarly used for a lout easily deceived or cheated; thus Butler in _Hudibras_--
"The paltry story is untrue, And forg"d to cheat such gulls as you."
It is also applied to the washing away of earth by the violent flowing of water; the origin perhaps of the Kentish gull-stream.