TIDE-RIP. Those short ripplings which result from eddies, or the pa.s.sage of the tide over uneven bottom; also observed in the ocean where two currents meet, but not appearing to affect a ship"s course.
TIDE-RODE. The situation of a vessel at anchor when she swings by the force of the tide. In opposition to _wind-rode_.
TIDE"S WORK. The amount of progress a ship has made during a favourable tide. Also, a period of necessary labour on a ship during the ebbing and slack water of a tide. That is when the sea has left the vessel aground between two tides, so as to enable workmen to repair defects down to a certain depth, laid bare by the receding tide.
TIDE-WAY. The mid-stream; or a pa.s.sage or channel through which the tide sets, and runs strongly.
TIE-FOR-TYE. Mutual obligation and no favour; as in the case of the _tie-mate_, the comrade who, in the days of long hair, performed the tie for tie on the tails. (_See_ TYE.)
TIER. A regular row of anything. Also, a range in the hold; hence the terms, ground tier, second and upper tier, &c., of casks or goods stowed there.--_Cable-tier._ The s.p.a.ce in a ship where hempen cables were coiled.
TIERCE. Is specially applied to provision casks, and is the third of a pipe; but the beef-tierce contains 280 lbs., or 28 galls., whilst that of pork only contains 260 lbs., or 26 galls. Now the beef-tierce often contains 336 lbs., and the pork 300 lbs.
TIERERS. Men formerly stationed in the tiers for coiling away the cables, where strength, activity, and ability shone conspicuously.
TIER-SHOT. That kind of grapeshot which is secured in tiers by parallel iron discs.
TIES. An old name for mooring bridles. Also, stops to a sail. (_See_ TYE.)
TIGHT. Close, free from leaks. Hence a ship is said to be tight when no water leaks in; and a cask is called tight when none of the liquid leaks out. Applied to ropes or chains this word becomes _taut_.
TILLER. A straight-grained timber beam, or iron bar, fitted into or round the head of the rudder, by means of which the latter is moved.
(_See_ HELM.)
TILLER-HEAD. The extremity of the tiller, to which the tiller-ropes are attached.
TILLER-ROPES. The ropes which form a communication between the end of the tiller and the barrel of the wheel; they are frequently made of untarred rope, though hide is much better; and iron chains are also used. By these the tiller is worked and the vessel steered.
TILLER-SWEEP. _See_ SWEEP OF THE TILLER.
TILT. A small canopy extended over the stern-sheets of a boat, supported by iron or wood work, to keep off rain, as an awning is used to keep off the sun.--_To tilt._ To lift up a little on one side or end of anything.
TILT-BOAT. One expressly fitted like a tilt-waggon, to preserve powder or other fragile stores from the weather.
TIMBER [Anglo-Saxon]. All large pieces of wood used in ship-building, as _floor-timbers_, _cross-pieces_, _futtocks_, _frames_, and the like (all which see).
TIMBER AND ROOM, is the distance between two adjoining timbers, which always contain the breadth of two timbers, and two or three inches besides. The same as _room and s.p.a.ce_, or _berth and s.p.a.ce_.
TIMBER-CONVERTER. A dockyard official who has the charge of converting timber for its different purposes in ship-building.
TIMBER-HEADS. The heads of the timbers that rise above the decks, and are used for belaying hawsers, large ropes, &c. (_See_ KEVEL-HEADS.) These being such important parts of a ship, men of acknowledged talent in the royal navy are styled "the _timber-heads_ of the profession."
TIMBER-HITCH, is made by taking the end of a rope round a spar, and after leading it under and over the standing part, pa.s.sing two or three turns round its own part, making in fact a running but self-jamming eye.
TIMBERS. The incurvated ribs of a ship which branch outwards from the keel in a vertical direction, so as to give strength, figure, and solidity to the whole fabric. One timber is composed of several pieces.
(_See_ FRAME.)--_Cant or square timbers_, are those which are placed obliquely on the keel towards the extremities of a ship, forming the dead solid wood of the gripe, and of the after heel.--_Filling timbers._ Those which are put up between the frames. One mould serves for two timbers, the fore-side of the one being supposed to unite with the after-side of the one before it, and so make only one line.--_Knuckle-timbers_ are the foremost cant-timbers on a ship"s bow: the hindmost on the quarter are termed _fashion-pieces_.
TIMBER-TASTER. One appointed to examine and p.r.o.nounce upon the fitness of timber.
TIME, MEAN, OR MEAN SOLAR TIME. That shown by a clock or watch when compensated for the unequal progress of the sun in the ecliptic, and which thence forms an equable measure of time.--_To take time_ is for an a.s.sistant to note the time by a chronometer at each instant that the observer calls "stop," on effecting his astronomical observation for alt.i.tude of a heavenly body, or for contact with the sun and moon, or moon and star.
TIME-KEEPER, TIME-PIECE, OR CHRONOMETER. An instrument adapted for measuring mean time. The result of many years of study and experiment by our best horologists. (_See_ LONGITUDE.)
TIMENOGUY. Formerly a rope carried taut between different parts of a vessel, to prevent the sheet or tack of a course from getting foul in working ship; specially from the fore-rigging to the anchor-stock, to prevent the fouling of the fore-sheet.
TIMONEER [derived from the French]. The helmsman. Also, one on the look-out, who directs the helmsman.
TIMONOGY. This term properly belongs to steering, and is derived from _timon_, the tiller, and the twiddling-lines, which worked in olden times on a gauge in front of the p.o.o.p, in ships of the line, by which the position of the helm was easily read even from the forecastle.
TINDAL. A Lascar boatswain"s-mate.
TINKER. A small mortar formerly used on the end of a staff, now superseded by the Coehorn. Also, a small mackerel.
TINKERMEN. Fishermen who destroyed the fry of fish on the Thames by nets, and other unlawful contrivances, till suppressed by the mayor and corporation of London.
TIN-POTTER. A galley skulker, shamming Abraham.
TIPPET. A snood for a fishing-line.
TIPPING ALL NINES, OR TIPPED THE NINES. Foundering from press of sail.
TIPPING THE GRAMPUS. Ducking a skulker for being asleep on his watch.
(_See_ BLOWING THE GRAMPUS.)
TIRE. Synonymous with _tier_.
t.i.tIVATE, TO; OR t.i.tIVATE OFF TO THE NINES. To freshen the paint-work; to put into the highest kelter.
TOAD-FISH. The _Lophius piscatorius_, or fishing-frog.
TOBACCO. Has been supplied for the use of the ships" companies in the royal navy from the 1st January, 1799.
TOBACCO-CHARTS. The worthless charts formerly sold by ship-chandlers.
TOD-BOAT. A broad flat Dutch fishing-boat.
TODDY. The sura or juice extracted from various kinds of palm, and often called palm-wine. A mixture of spirits, water, and sugar is also called toddy. (_See_ ARRACK.)
TOE A LINE! The order to stand in a row.
TOGGLE. A strong pin of wood, sometimes used instead of a hook in fixing a tackle, or it is put through the bight or eye of a rope, bolt, or block-strop, to keep it in its place. In ships of war it is usual to fix toggles upon the running parts of the topsail-sheets, the jears, &c., when preparing for action, so that if the rope is shot away below, the toggle may stop the yard from coming down. The toggle is used in masting operations, in securing the standing part of fore and main sheets, but especially in whaling operations, cutting in, flensing, &c., a hole is cut in the blubber, the eye of the purchase strop pa.s.sed through and toggled. In cold weather especially it is preferred to the hook, which at low temperatures is apt to snap suddenly, and is, moreover, heavier to handle. The term is also used for putting the bights of the sheets in the beckets. (_See_ BECKET.)
TOGGLE-BOLT. This bolt is used to confine the ensign-staff, and the like, into its place by means of a strap; it has a flat head, and a mortice through it, that receives a toggle or pin.
TOGS. A very old term for clothes.--_Togged to the nines_, in full dress.--_Sunday togs_, the best clothes.
TOISE. The French fathom, nearly approaching to ours: the proportion of the English yard to the French demi-toise being as 36 to 3835. The toise is equal to 63946 English feet.
TOKE. A drink made from honey in Madagascar; very dangerous to Europeans.