[Ill.u.s.tration]
"Let us notice this place," he said. "It is very possible that in summer we shall find hundreds of seals here; they can be approached and caught without difficulty, if they are unfamiliar with men. But we must take care not to frighten them, or they will disappear as if by magic and never return; in that way, careless hunters, instead of killing them one by one, have often attacked them in a crowd, with noisy cries, and have thereby driven them away."
"Are they only killed for their skin and oil?" asked Bell.
"By Europeans, yes, but the Esquimaux eat them; they live on them, and pieces of seal"s flesh, which they mix with blood and fat, are not at all unappetizing. After all, it depends on the way it"s treated, and I shall give you some delicate cutlets if you don"t mind their dark color."
"We shall see you at work," answered Bell; "I"ll gladly eat it, Doctor."
"My good Bell, as much as you please. But, however much you eat, you will never equal a Greenlander, who eats ten or fifteen pounds of it a day."
"Fifteen pounds!" said Bell. "What stomachs!"
"Real polar stomachs," answered the doctor; "prodigious stomachs which can be dilated at will, and, I ought to add, can be contracted in the same way, so that they support starving as well as gorging. At the beginning of his dinner, the Esquimaux is thin; at the end, he is fat, and not to be recognized! It is true that his dinner often lasts a whole day."
"Evidently," said Altamont, "this voracity is peculiar to the inhabitants of cold countries!"
"I think so," answered the doctor; "in the arctic regions one has to eat a great deal; it is a condition not only of strength, but of existence. Hence the Hudson"s Bay Company gives each man eight pounds of meat a day, or twelve pounds of fish, or two pounds of pemmican."
"That"s a generous supply," said the carpenter.
"But not so much as you imagine, my friend; and an Indian crammed in that way does no better work than an Englishman with his pound of beef and his pint of beer a day."
"Then, Doctor, all is for the best."
"True, but still an Esquimaux meal may well astonish us. While wintering at Boothia Land, Sir John Ross was always surprised at the voracity of his guides; he says somewhere that two men--two, you understand--ate in one morning a whole quarter of a musk-ox; they tear the meat into long shreds, which they place in their mouths; then each one, cutting off at his lips what his mouth cannot hold, pa.s.ses it over to his companion; or else the gluttons, letting the shreds hang down to the ground, swallow them gradually, as a boa-constrictor swallows an animal, and like it stretched out at full length on the ground."
"Ugh!" said Bell, "the disgusting brutes!"
"Every one eats in his own way," answered the American, philosophically.
"Fortunately!" replied the doctor.
"Well," said Altamont, "since the need of food is so great in these lat.i.tudes, I"m no longer surprised that in accounts of arctic voyages there is always so much s.p.a.ce given to describing the meals."
"You are right," answered the doctor; "and it is a remark which I have often made myself; it is not only that plenty of food is needed, but also because it is often hard to get it. So one is always thinking of it and consequently always talking of it!"
"Still," said Altamont, "if my memory serves me right, in Norway, in the coldest countries, the peasants need no such enormous supply: a little milk, eggs, birch-bark bread, sometimes salmon, never any meat; and yet they are hardy men."
"It"s a matter of organization," answered the doctor, "and one which I can"t explain. Still, I fancy that the second or third generation of Norwegians, carried to Greenland, would end by feeding themselves in the Greenland way. And we too, my friends, if we were to remain in this lovely country, would get to live like the Esquimaux, not to say like gluttons."
"Dr. Clawbonny," said Bell, "it makes me hungry to talk in this way."
"It doesn"t make me," answered Altamont; "it disgusts me rather, and makes me dislike seal"s flesh. But I fancy we shall have an opportunity to try the experiment. If I"m not mistaken, I see some living body down there on the ice."
"It"s a walrus," shouted the doctor; "forward silently!"
[Ill.u.s.tration]
Indeed, the animal was within two hundred feet of the hunters; he was stretching and rolling at his ease in the pale rays of the sun. The three men separated so as to surround him and cut off his retreat; and they approached within a few fathoms" lengths of him, hiding behind the hummocks, and then fired. The walrus rolled over, still full of strength; he crushed the ice in his attempts to get away; but Altamont attacked him with his hatchet, and succeeded in cutting his dorsal fins. The walrus made a desperate resistance; new shots finished him, and he remained stretched lifeless on the ice-field stained with his blood. He was a good-sized animal, being nearly fifteen feet long from his muzzle to the end of his tail, and he would certainly furnish many barrels of oil. The doctor cut out the most savory parts of the flesh, and he left the corpse to the mercies of a few crows, which, at this season of the year, were floating through the air. The night began to fall. They thought of returning to Fort Providence; the sky had become perfectly clear, and while waiting for the moon to rise, the splendor of the stars was magnificent.
"Come, push on," said the doctor, "it"s growing late; to be sure, we"ve had poor luck; but as long as we have enough for supper, there"s no need of complaining. Only let"s take the shortest way and try not to get lost; the stars will help us."
But yet in countries where the North Star shines directly above the traveller"s head, it is hard to walk by it; in fact, when the north is directly in the zenith, it is hard to determine the other cardinal points; fortunately the moon and great constellations aided the doctor in determining the route. In order to shorten their way, he resolved to avoid the sinuosities of the coast, and to go directly across the land; it was more direct, but less certain; so, after walking for a few hours, the little band had completely lost its way. They thought of spending the night in an ice-house and waiting till the next day to find out where they were, even if they should have to return along the sh.o.r.e; but the doctor, fearing that Hatteras and Johnson might be anxious, insisted on their going on.
"Duke is showing us the way," he said, "and he can"t be wrong; he has an instinct which is surer than needle or star. Let us follow him."
Duke went forward, and they all followed confidently. And they were justified in so doing. Soon a distant light appeared on the horizon; it was not to be confounded with a star in the low clouds.
"There"s our light!" cried the doctor.
"Do you think so, Doctor!" asked the carpenter.
"I"m sure of it. Let us push on."
As they approached the light grew brighter, and soon they enjoyed its full brilliancy; they advanced in full illumination, and their sharply cut shadows ran out behind them over the snow. They hastened their gait, and in about half an hour they were climbing up the steps of Fort Providence.
[Ill.u.s.tration: "They advanced in full illumination, and their sharply cut shadows ran out behind them over the snow."]
CHAPTER IX.
COLD AND HEAT.
Hatteras and Johnson had waited for the three hunters with some uneasiness. When they returned they were delighted to find a warm and comfortable shelter. That evening the temperature had decidedly fallen, and the thermometer outside stood at -31. The three were very much fatigued and almost frozen, so that they could hardly drag one foot after the other; fortunately the stoves were drawing well; the doctor became cook, and roasted a few walrus cutlets. At nine o"clock they all five sat down before a nourishing supper.
"On my word," said Bell, "at the risk of pa.s.sing for an Esquimaux, I will say that food is an important thing in wintering; one ought to take what one can get."
Each of them having his mouth full, it was impossible for any one to answer the carpenter at once; but the doctor made a sign that he was right. The walrus cutlets were declared excellent; or, if they made no declarations about it, they ate it all up, which is much more to the purpose. At dessert the doctor made the coffee, as was his custom; he intrusted this task to no one else; he made it at the table, in an alcohol machine, and served it boiling hot. He wanted it hot enough to scald his throat, or else he did not think it worth drinking. That evening he drank it so hot that his companions could not imitate him.
[Ill.u.s.tration]
"But you"ll burn yourself, Doctor," said Altamont.
"O no!" was the answer.
"Is your throat lined with copper?" asked Johnson.
"No, my friends; I advise you to take counsel from me. There are some persons, and I am of the number, who drink coffee at a temperature of 131."
"One hundred and thirty-one degrees!" cried Altamont; "but the hand can"t support that heat!"
"Evidently, Altamont, since the hand can"t endure more than 122 in the water; but the palate and tongue are not so tender as the hand; they can endure much more."
"You surprise me," said Altamont.
"Well, I"m going to convince you."