St Croix . . . . . . . 17 32"
Riviere de Norumbegue. 18 40"
Quinibequi . . . . . . 19 12"
Mallebarre . . . . . . 18 40"
All observed by Sieur de Champlain, 1612.
REFERENCES ON CHAMPLAIN"S LARGE MAP.
A. Port Fortune.
B. Baye Blanche.
C. Baye aux Isles.
D. Cap des Isles.
E. Port aux Isles.
F. Isle Haute.
G. Isle des Monts Deserts.
H. Cap Corneille.
I. Isles aux Oiseaux.
K. Cap des Deux Bayes.
L. Port aux Mines M. Cap Fourchu.
N. Cap Negre.
O. Port du Rossignol.
P. St. Laurent.
Q. Riviere de l"Isle Verte.
R. Baye Saine.
S. Riviere Sainte Marguerite T. Port Sainte Helene.
V. Isle des Martires.
X. Isles Rangees.
Y. Port de Savalette.
Z. Pa.s.sage du Glas.
1. Port aux Anglois.
2. Baye Courante.
3. Cap de Poutrincourt.
4. Isle Gravee.
5. Pa.s.sage Courant.
6. Baye de Gennes.
7. Isle Perdue.
8. Cap des Mines.
9. Port aux Coquilles.
10. Isles Jumelles.
11. Cap Saint Jean.
12. Isle la Nef.
13. La Heronniere Isle.
14. Isles Rangees.
15. Baye Saint Luc.
16. Pa.s.sage du Gas.
17. Cote de Montmorency.
18. Riviere de Champlain.
19. Riviere Sainte Marie.
20. Isle d"Orleans.
21. Isle de Bacchus.
NOTE--The reader will observe that in a few instances the references are wanting on the map.
CHAMPLAIN"S NOTE TO THE SMALL MAP.
On the small map [232] is added the strait above Labrador between the fifty-third and sixty-third degrees of lat.i.tude, which the English have discovered during the present year 1612, in their voyage to find, if possible, a pa.s.sage to China by way of the north. [233] They wintered at a place indicated by this mark, 6. But it was not without enduring severe cold, and they were obliged to return to England, leaving their leader in the northern regions. Within fix months three other vessels have set out, to penetrate, if possible, still farther, and, at the same time, to search for the men who were left in that region.
GEOGRAPHICAL MAP OF NEW FRANCE, IN ITS TRUE MERIDIAN.
_Made by Sieur Champlain, Captain for the King in the Marine. 1613_.
+o Matou-ouescariny. [Note: This figure is inverted on the map. _Vide antea_, note 59, p. 62.]
o+ Gaspay.
oo Ouescariny. [Note: _Vide antea_, note 47, pp. 59, 81. The figure oo is misplaced and should be where o-o is on the map, on the extreme western border near the forty-seventh degree of north lat.i.tude.]
o-o Quenongebin. [Note: This figure o-o on the map occupies the place which should be occupied by oo. _Vide antea_, p. 58, note 46.]
A. Tadoussac.
B. Lesquemain.
C. Isle Percee.
D. Baye de Chaleur.
E. Isles aux Gros Yeux. [Note: A cl.u.s.ter of islands of which the Island of Birds is one.]
H. Baye Francoise.
I. Isles aux Oyseaux.
L. Riviere des Etechemins. [Note: This letter, placed between the River St. John and the St. Croix, refers to the latter.]
M. Menane.
N. Port Royal.
P. Isle Longue.
Q. Cap Fourchu.
R. Port au Mouton.
S. Port du Rossignol. [Note: The letter S appears twice on the coast of La Cadie. The one here referred to is the more westerly.]
SS. Lac de Medicis. [Note: This reference is probably to the Lake of Two Mountains, which will be seen on the map west of Montreal.]
T. Sesambre.
V. Cap des Deux Bayes.
3. L"Isle aux Coudres.
4. Saincte Croix. [Note: St. Croix on the map is where a cross surmounted by the figure 4 may be seen.]
4. Riviere des Etechemins. [Note: This appears to refer to the Chaudiere. _Vide_ vol. I. p. 296.]
5. Sault. [Note: This refers to the Falls of Montmorency.]
6. Lac Sainct Pierre.
7. Riviere des Yroquois.
9. Isle aux Lieures.
10. Riviere Platte. [Note: A small river flowing into Mal Bay. _Vide_ Vol. I. p. 295; also _Les Voyages de Champlain_, Quebec ed., p. 1099.]
11. Mantane. [Note: _Vide_ Vol. I. p 234.]
40. Cap Saincte Marie. [Note: The figures are wanting. Cape St. Mary is on the southern coast of Newfoundland. _Vide_ Vol I. p. 232.]
ENDNOTES:
228. The determination of longitudes has from the beginning been environed with almost insuperable difficulties. At one period the declination of the magnetic needle was supposed to furnish the means of a practical solution. Sebastian Cabot devoted considerable attention to the subject, as did likewise Peter Plancius at a later date. Champlain appears to have fixed the longitudes on his smaller map by calculations based on the variation of the needle, guided by the principles laid down by Guillaume de Nautonier, Sieur de Castelfranc, to whose work he refers in the text. It was ent.i.tled, _Mecometrie de l"eymant c"est a dire la maniere de mesurer les longitudes par le moyen de l"eymant_. This rare volume is not to be found as far as my inquiries extend, in any of the incorporated libraries on this continent. There is however a copy in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, to which in the catalogue is given the bibliographical note: _Six livres. Folio. Tolose, 1603_.