They have since a.s.serted that Odeneal"s messengers had agreed to come again before bringing soldiers; and, if possible, bring Supt. Odeneal with them.
It was a mistake that he did not go in person,--either with the messengers in the first instance or after their return to Linkville.
He might not have accomplished any good, but he would have prevented severe criticism, and much blame that was laid at his door; inasmuch as Jack subsequently a.s.serted "that he would not have resisted, had Odeneal come himself to him and made everything plain." Again, they had relied on Miller for warning; hence his death.
When Maj. Jackson arrived at the camp, and while he was placing his men in position, an Indian, who was out hunting, made the discovery of Jackson"s presence, and either accidentally, or purposely, discharged his gun. This called the Indians to their feet, and they instantly grasped their arms on seeing themselves so nearly surrounded by soldiers.
Maj. Jackson quietly commanded the Modocs to lay down their arms. Captain Jack complied, and told his men to obey the order of Maj. Jackson.
A parley ensued of half an hour, Captain Jack pleading for Jackson to withdraw his men, while the major was explaining his order, and a.s.suring the Modocs that ample preparation had been made for them at Yai-nax. The whole affair seemed to be settled satisfactorily, and I. D. Applegate, who was with Maj. Jackson, went down to the banks of the river and told _One-armed Brown_, the regular messenger of the Indian Department, who was with the citizen party on the east side, that "everything was settled."
Brown mounted his horse, and started to make known the good news to Supt.
Odeneal, who was awaiting the result at Linkville.
All the Modocs on the west side of the river had laid down their arms, except Scar-face Charley, who was swearing and making threats. Maj.
Jackson commanded him, "Put down your gun." Scar-face refused; the major ordered Lieut. Boutelle to disarm him,--who, on advancing to execute the order, repeated it in emphatic words, not in harmony with savage notions of decorum and decency. "Scarface" was enraged at the vile epithets applied to him, and perhaps remembered just then that he had once seen, from a chapparel thicket, a sight that had haunted him from his childhood, namely, nothing less than armed white men chasing _his father_ with a _la.s.so_ and catching him. He saw them hang him without a trial, or even any proof that he was guilty of any crime. At all events, he drew his pistol, and, saying that he "would kill one white man," discharged it at the advancing officer; but so nearly simultaneous with Boutelle"s pistol, that even the latter does not know who fired first. This was the opening gun of the Modoc war; the beginning of what ended on the gallows on the third of November, 1873.
Without stopping now to call up the intervening pictures, let us see how the battle went. Very soon the entire force of soldiers was firing into the Indian camps, and the fourteen Indian men were fighting back with muzzle-loading rifles.
The battle lasted three hours; the Indians, having taken cover of the sage brush, finally withdrew, carrying with them the watchman who was killed, and escaping with all their women and children.
Maj. Jackson lost ten killed and five wounded; and on the reappearance of the Indians, a few hours later, drew off his forces, leaving the Modocs in possession of the battle-field.
While all this was enacting on the west bank of Lost river, let us see how the boys who went down to "take a look" got along as spectators. Mr.
Brown, hearing the report of arms, returned just in time to take an active part in a performance that was not in the programme of fun as laid out in the early morning.
The citizens and Modocs on the east side could not stand the pressure,--looking on and seeing a fair fight, within a couple of hundred yards, without taking a part. The Modocs caught up their guns and rushed down to the river, intending to reinforce Captain Jack. The citizens sought to prevent them getting into their canoes; and, _somehow_, they became very much interested in matters nearer home than Maj. Jackson"s fight.
Who began the battle on the east side is a question of doubt,--both parties denying it; but a lively fight was the result, and the citizens drew off, leaving _three_ or _four dead friends_ on the ground and--and--_one dead squaw_, with an infant corpse in her arms.
It is not in evidence who was victor, but there is the record. The major dispatched a messenger for reinforcements, who run the gauntlet of Indian bullets, and barely escaped.
From Indian lips I learn that in the first battle of which I have spoken, Captain Jack did not fire a shot himself, though he directed the fight.
On the occasion of the messenger being sent off by Maj. Jackson, Captain Jack, who was secreted in the sage brush, ran after him and fired one or two shots.
Let us look now to the Modocs with Captain Jack. They did not go on the warpath, but hastened to gather up their women and horses, and retired to the Lava Bed.
Scarface Charley remained behind, for a purpose that can scarcely be credited. Those who doubt any real genuine manhood among Indians may wonder when I declare that he remained to warn white men of the danger threatening them. In two instances he saw white men, who were his personal friends, going, as he knew, into certain death. In both instances he laid hold of the bridle-reins of the riders" horses and turned them around, and, pointing to the road whence they came, bade them "ride for life."
They lost no time in heeding the warning given, and also in notifying the settlers en route of the existence of open hostilities.
By this means John A. Fairchild was notified of the dangers that surrounded him and his family.
Mr. Fairchild"s name has become intimately connected with the Modoc war; indeed, he played some of the thrilling parts of this tragic drama. He is a man of forty years of age, a native of Mississippi; went West when a boy, and engaged in mining. In the course of time he became a large stock-raiser, and went, ten years ago, with his herds of cattle and horses, into the Modoc country.
_He_ soon learned a lesson that our Government has _not_, viz., that it is cheaper to _feed_ Indians than to _fight_ them. Soon after his arrival he arranged a treaty with the Modocs, paying them a small compensation for the use of the country for stock uses. During the time, he has made the personal acquaintance of nearly every Indian of Captain Jack"s band.
His home is situated on Hot Creek, near its rise at the foot of the mountains that divide the Modoc from the Shasta country.
It will be remembered that the head-quarters of the Peace Commission was at Fairchild"s ranch during the first days of its organization. This was also the original home of a part of Jack"s band.
At the beginning of the late Modoc war some fourteen warriors and their families were living near Mr. Fairchild"s house; by his management of them they were prevented from joining Captain Jack for several days. He, together with Mr. Press Dorris, who lives near him, and is also a stock-raiser, called together these fourteen men, including "Bogus Charley" (who gets his name from his birthplace on Bogus creek), "Shacknasty Jim" (so named from his mother), "Steamboat Frank" (so called in honor of his squaw, whose name was Steamboat, because of her great size and her habit of puffing and blowing like the aforesaid vessel), Ellen"s man George, and ten others,--who all distinguished themselves in the war,--and started with them and their families to Klamath Reservation.
They notified Agent Dyer, of Klamath, of their coming, and requested him to meet them and take charge of the Indians.
Dyer responded, and, hastening to meet them on Klamath river, pa.s.sed through Linkville en route. While there he heard intimations of the danger of pa.s.sing through the town with the above-named Modocs.
The news of the battle had reached Linkville, and the people were aroused to madness at the sight of the mangled bodies of the soldiers and citizens that had been brought in. It is not strange that such sights should call out a demand for vengeance; that the citizens, feeling outraged, should make threats.
It is certain that a party left Linkville before Agent Dyer arrived, and went in the direction of Bob Whittle"s, where Fairchild and Dorris were guarding the Hot Creek Modocs, now so anxious to reach the Reservation that they might escape any kind of entanglement with the rebels.
The party found Fairchild and Dorris fully prepared to protect those under their charge, and no attack was made, whatever may have been the first intention. On Mr. Dyer"s arrival at this time, he stated his fears to Fairchild and Dorris, which the Indians overhearing, _stampeded_, and went directly to the Lava Beds, thus adding fourteen warriors to Captain Jack"s forces. All of them were brave men, and bad men, too, as the sequel will show. The fright they had received at Bob Whittle"s appears to have made them even more anxious for war than those who had been engaged in the Lost-river battle, on the 30th of November, 1872.
Indian proof is abundant that Captain Jack, in antic.i.p.ation of the coming of the soldiers, had advised his men to surrender rather than fight; but, even if forced to resist, in no event to attack citizens, saying, "If we must, we will fight soldiers, not white men," meaning citizens.
It is a fact that, so far as he was concerned, he sought to avoid conflict. The Curly-haired Doctor was eager for blood--or, at all events, he was rebellious, and constantly advised resistance to the authority of the Government.
His interference in the council of December, 1869, referred to in a former chapter, and his sanction to the proposition to murder our party at that time, and the subsequent proposal to a.s.sa.s.sinate the Commissioners sent out in August, 1871, to arrange matters with them, all stand against him previous to the opening of the war.
But to return to the battle of Lost river. After a sharp fight, the citizens having withdrawn to Dennis Crawley"s house, the Modoc braves a.s.sembled, and, through the advice of Hooker Jim, the Curly-haired Doctor, with Steamboat Frank and three or four others, started on a mission of vengeance.
The acts of savage butchery committed by them are well known to the world,--how they went to Mr. Boddy"s house with their garments covered with the life-blood of their victims, and, taunting the women, boasted of their heroism, saying, "This is Boddy"s blood; but we are Modocs; we do not kill women and children. You will find Boddy in the woods. We will not hurt you."
Thus from house to house they went, after killing the husbands and fathers, until they had slaughtered thirteen persons,--Brotherton, Schiere, Miller, and others, including one small boy, who resisted them.
The reign of terror was complete. Who shall ever find words to describe the horror of the night following this treacherous butchery? The women left their homes to hunt for their murdered friends. In one instance, the presence of a team without a driver gave the awful tidings.
Leaving their dead, through the long dark night that followed, they made their way through the trackless sage-brush plains to the nearest settlement. With these people the Modocs had been on friendly terms, and had never had any misunderstandings with the Indians. On the contrary, they had shown by many acts of kindness their _good will_. They were personally acquainted with the men who composed the murderous gang. This was especially the case with Mr. Miller; he had been their steadfast friend for years, and had furnished them provisions and ammunition but a few days previously, and had further interested himself in their behalf, in conjunction with Esquire Steele of Y-re-ka, in securing to them the right to take up lands in common with other people.
The murder of Miller seems the more inhuman when it is remembered that he was killed by Hooker Jim. The latter declares that he did not know that he was shooting at Miller. Otherwise he would not have committed the treacherous deed. Miller had been on especial good terms with this _desperado_.
With my knowledge of Indian character, I am of the opinion that Hooker Jim designedly killed Mr. Miller, because he believed that the latter had purposely withheld from the Modocs the movement of Major Jackson.
Loaded with plunder, and mounted on the horses they had captured, these bloodthirsty savages made their way around the east side of Tule lake; meeting Captain Jack and his warriors in the Lava Bed. I am indebted to the Modocs themselves for many items of importance in this connection. I give them for what they are worth, with the authority announced. Some of them are doubtless correct, according to the authority quoted.
On the arrival in the Lava Bed, Captain Jack denounced the murderers for their b.l.o.o.d.y work, and particularly for the killing of Mr. Miller; he then declared that the men who committed this outrageous crime should be surrendered to the white men for trial; that a great mistake had been made; and that unless these men were given up, the whole band would be lost. The councils held were noisy and turbulent, threatening strife and bloodshed. While this matter was under discussion, the Hot-Creek Indians, who had stampeded from Whittle"s Ferry, while they were en route to Klamath Agency, arrived in the Lava Bed, adding fourteen braves to the little band of desperadoes. The Hot-Creek Modocs, having become demoralized by the threats they had overheard made against them, and being influenced by the Curly-haired Doctor"s promise of making medicine to protect them, were ready to espouse the cause of the murderers. The whole number of braves at this time was fifty-three, including the chief himself. Thus, when the discussion was ended and the question was submitted to a vote, a large majority was opposed to the surrender of the Lost-river murderers.
CHAPTER XXIII.
MOURNING EMBLEMS AND MILITARY POMP.
Leaving the Modocs to wrangle over their troubles, suppose we listen now to the wails of anguish and grief that burdened the air of the Lost-river country, and especially at Linkville, when the mutilated bodies of the slain citizens were brought in for interment.
When the news of the Lost-river battle had spread over the spa.r.s.ely-settled country, a feeling of terror pervaded the hearts of the people; but when, on the following morning, the grief-stricken, heart-broken Mrs. Boddy, Mrs. Schiere and Mrs. Brotherton, arrived at Linkville, after a long night of horrors, the excitement became intense.
Armed parties, taking with them wagons, repaired to the scene of this awful tragedy.