There was a great many Parliament men there; the chamber was full. "Have you any more against Mr. Lilly?" cried the chairman.
"Yes," saith the Sollicitor for the Excise, "since his _Starry Messenger_ came forth we had our house burnt, and the Commissioners pulled by their cloaks in the Exchange." "Pray, sir, when was this,"
asked old Sir Robert Pye, "that the house was burnt, and the Aldermen abused?" "It was in such a week," saith he. "Mr. Lilly, when came the book forth?" "The very day of Naseby fight," answered Mr. Reynolds, "nor needs he be ashamed of writing it: I had it daily as it came forth of the press: it was then found the house to be burnt, and the Aldermen abused, twelve days before the _Starry Messenger_ came forth." "What a lying fellow art thou," saith Sir Robert Pye, "to abuse us so!" This he spoke to the Sollicitor. Then stood up one Ba.s.sell, a merchant: he inveighed bitterly against me, being a Presbyterian, and would have had my books burnt. "You smell more of a citizen than a scholar," replied Mr. Francis Drake. I was ordered to withdraw, and by and by was called in, and acquainted the committee did discharge me. But I cried with a loud voice, "I was under a messenger;" whereupon the committee ordered him or the Serjeant at Arms not to take any fees; Mr. Reynolds saying, "Literate men never pay any fees."
But within one week after, I was likely to have had worse success, but that the before-named gentlemen stoutly befriended me. In my Epistle of the _Starry Messenger_, I had been a little too plain with the committee of Leicestershire; who thereof made complaint unto Sir Arthur Hazelrigg, Knight for that county; he was a furious person, and made a motion in the House of Commons against me, and the business was committed to that committee, whereof Baron Rigby was chairman. A day was a.s.signed to hear the matter; in the morning whereof, as I pa.s.sed by Mr. Pullen"s shop in St. Paul"s Church-yard, Pullen bad "G.o.d be with you," and named me by name. Mr. Selden being there, and hearing my name, gave direction to call me unto him, where he acquaints me with Hazelrigg"s humour and malice towards me, called for the _Starry Messenger_, and having read over the words mentioning that committee, he asked me how I would answer them? I related what I would have said, but he contradicted me, and acquainted me what to say, and how to answer. In the afternoon I went to appear, but there was no committee set, or would sit; for both Mr.
Reynolds and Sir Philip Stapleton, and my other friends, had fully acquainted Baron Rigby with the business, and desired him not to call upon me until they appeared; for the matter and charge intended against me was very frivolous, and only presented by a cholerick person to please a company of clowns, meaning the committee of Leicester. Baron Rigby said, if it were so he would not meddle with the matter, but exceedingly desired to see me. Not long after he met Sir Arthur, and acquainting him what friends appeared for me, said, "I will then prosecute him no further."
All the ancient astrologers of England were much startled and confounded at my manner of writing, especially old Mr. William Hodges, who lived near Wolverhampton in Staffordshire, and many others who understood astrology competently well, as they thought. Hodges swore I did more by astrology than he could by the crystal, and use thereof, which indeed he understood as perfectly as any one in England. He was a great royalist, but could never hit any thing right for that party, though he much desired it: he resolved questions astrologically; nativities he meddled not with; in things of other nature, which required more curiosity, he repaired to the crystal: his angels were Raphael, Gabriel, and Uriel: his life answered not in holiness and sanct.i.ty to what it should, having to deal with those holy angels. Being contemporary with me, I shall relate what my partner John Scott, the same Scott as is before-mentioned, affirmed of him. John Scott was a little skilful in surgery and physick, so was Will Hodges, and had formerly been a school-master. Scott having some occasions into Staffordshire, addressed himself for a month or six weeks to Hodges, a.s.sisted him to dress his patients, let blood, &c. Being to return to London, he desired Hodges to shew him the person and feature of the woman he should marry. Hodges carries him into a field not far from his house, pulls out his crystal, bids Scott set his foot to his, and, after a while, wishes him to inspect the crystal, and observe what he saw there. "I see," saith Scott, "a ruddy complexioned wench in a red waistcoat, drawing a can of beer." "She must be your wife," said Hodges. "You are mistaken, Sir,"
said Scott. "I am, so soon as I come to London, to marry a tall gentlewoman in the Old Bailey." "You must marry the red waistcoat," said Hodges. Scott leaves the country, comes up to London, finds his gentlewoman married: two years after going into Dover, in his return, he refreshed himself at an inn in Canterbury, and as he came into the hall, or first room thereof, he mistook the room, and went into the b.u.t.tery, where he espied a maid, described by Hodges, as before said, drawing a can of beer, &c. He then more narrowly viewing her person and habit, found her, in all parts, to be the same Hodges had described; after which he became a suitor unto her, and was married unto her; which woman I have often seen. This Scott related unto me several times, being a very honest person, and made great conscience of what he spoke. Another story of him is as followeth, which I had related from a person which well knew the truth of it.
A neighbour gentleman of Hodges lost his horse; who having Hodges"s advice for recovery of him, did again obtain him. Some years after, in a frolick, he thought to abuse him, acquainting a neighbour therewith, viz., that he had formerly lost a horse, went to Hodges, recovered him again, but saith it was by chance; I might have had him without going unto him: "Come, let"s go, I will now put a trick upon him; I will leave some boy or other at the town"s-end with my horse, and then go to Hodges and enquire for him." He did so, gave his horse to a youth, with orders to walk him till he returned. Away he goes with his friend, salutes Mr.
Hodges, thanks him for his former courtesy, and now desires the like, having lost a horse very lately. Hodges, after some time of pausing, said; "Sir, your horse is lost, and never to be recovered." "I thought what skill you had," replies the gallant, "my horse is walking in a lane at the town"s-end." With that Hodges swore (as he was too much given unto that vice) "your horse is gone, and you will never have him again."
The gentleman departed in great derision of Hodges, and went where he left his horse: when he came there, he found the boy fast asleep upon the ground, the horse gone, the boy"s arm in the bridle.
He returns again to Hodges, desiring his aid, being sorry for his former abuse. Old Will swore like a devil, "be gone, be gone; go look for your horse." This business ended not so; for the malicious man brought Hodges into the star-chamber, bound him over to the a.s.sizes, put Hodges to great expences: but, by means of the Lord Dudley, if I remember aright, or some other person thereabouts, he overcame the gentleman, and was acquitted.
Besides this, a gentlewoman of my acquaintance, and of credit, in Leicestershire, having lost a pillion-cloth, a very new one, went to desire his judgment. He ordered her such a day to attend at Mountsorrel in Leicestershire, and about twelve o"clock she should see her pillion-cloth upon a horse, and a woman upon it. My friend attended the hour and place; it being told, she must needs warm herself well, and then enquired if any pa.s.sengers had lately gone by the inn? Unto whom answer was made, there pa.s.sed by whilst she was at the fire, about half an hour before, a man, and a woman behind him, on horse-back. Inquiring of what colour the pillion-cloth was of; it was answered, directly of the colour my friend"s was: they pursued, but too late.
In those times, there lived one William Marsh in Dunstable, a man of G.o.dly life and upright conversation, a Recusant. By astrology he resolved thievish questions with great success; that was his utmost sole practice. He was many times in trouble; but by Dr. Napper"s interest with the Earl of Bolingbroke, Lord Wentworth, after Earl of Cleveland, he still continued his practice, the said Earl not permitting any Justice of Peace to vex him.
This man had only two books, _Guido_ and _Haly_ bound together; he had so mumbled and tumbled the leaves of both, that half one side of every leaf was torn even to the middle. I was familiar with him for many years: he died about 1647.
A word or two of Dr. Napper, who lived at Great Lindford in Buckinghamshire, was parson, and had the advowson thereof. He descended of worshipful parents, and this you must believe; for when Dr. Napper"s brother, Sir Robert Napper, a Turkey merchant, was to be made a Baronet in King James"s reign, there was some dispute whether he could prove himself a gentleman for three or more descents. "By my saul," saith King James, "I will certify for Napper, that he is of above three hundred years standing in his family, all of them, by my saul, gentlemen," &c.
However, their family came into England in King Henry the Eighth"s time.
The parson was Master of Arts; but whether doctorated by degree or courtesy, because of his profession, I know not. Miscarrying one day in the pulpit, he never after used it, but all his life-time kept in his house some excellent scholar or other to officiate for him, with allowance of a good salary: he out-went Forman in physick and holiness of life; cured the falling-sickness perfectly by constellated rings, some diseases by amulets, &c.
A maid was much afflicted with the falling sickness, whose parents applied themselves unto him for cure: he framed her a constellated ring, upon wearing whereof, she recovered perfectly. Her parents acquainted some scrupulous divines with the cure of their daughter: "The cure is done by inchantment," say they. "Cast away the ring, it"s diabolical; G.o.d cannot bless you, if you do not cast the ring away." The ring was cast into the well, whereupon the maid became epileptical as formerly, and endured much misery for a long time. At last her parents cleansed the well, and recovered the ring again; the maid wore it, and her fits took her no more. In this condition she was one year or two; which the Puritan ministers there adjoining hearing, never left off, till they procured her parents to cast the ring quite away; which done, the fits returned in such violence, that they were enforced to apply to the Doctor again, relating at large the whole story, humbly imploring his once more a.s.sistance; but he could not be procured to do any thing, only said, those who despised G.o.d"s mercies, were not capable or worthy of enjoying them.
I was with him in 1632, or 1633, upon occasion. He had me up into his library, being excellently furnished with very choice books: there he prayed almost one hour; he invocated several angels in his prayer, viz.[12] Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, &c. We parted.
[Footnote 12: The collect read on Michaelmas-day, seems to allow of praying to angels. At some times, upon great occasions, he had conference with Michael, but very rarely.]
He instructed many ministers in astrology, would lend them whole cloak-bags of books; protected them from harm and violence, by means of his power with the Earl of Bolingbroke.[13] He would confess my master Evans knew more than himself in some things: and some time before he died, he got his cousin Sir Richard to set a figure to see when he should die. Being brought him; "Well," he said, "the old man will live this winter, but in the spring he will die; welcome Lord Jesus, thy will be done." He had many enemies: Cotta, Doctor of physick in Northampton, wrote a sharp book of witchcraft, wherein, obliquely, he bitterly inveighed against the Doctor.
[Footnote 13: Lord Wentworth, after Earl of Cleveland.]
In 1646, I printed a collection of Prophecies, with the explanation and verification of Aquila, or the _White King"s Prophecy_; as also the nativities of Bishop Laud and Thomas Earl of Strafford, and a most learned speech by him intended to have been spoke upon the scaffold. In this year 1646, after a great consideration, and many importunities, I began to fix upon thoughts of an _Introduction unto Astrology_, which was very much wanting, and as earnestly longed for by many persons of quality. Something also much occasioned and hastened the impression, viz. the malevolent barking of Presbyterian ministers in their weekly sermons, reviling the professors thereof, and myself particularly by name.
Secondly, I thought it a duty inc.u.mbent upon me, to satisfy the whole kingdom of the lawfulness thereof, by framing a plain and easy method for any person but of indifferent capacity to learn the art, and instruct himself therein, without any other master than my _Introduction_; by which means, when many understood it, I should have more partners and a.s.sistants to contradict all and every antagonist.
Thirdly, I found it best as unto point of time, because many of the soldiers were wholly for it, and many of the Independant party; and I had abundance of worthy men in the House of Commons, my a.s.sured friends, no lovers of Presbytery, which then were in great esteem, and able to protect the art; for should the Presbyterian party have prevailed, as they thought of nothing less than to be Lords of all, I knew well they would have silenced my pen annually, and committed the _Introduction_ unto everlasting silence.
Fourthly, I had something of conscience touched my spirit, and much elevated my conceptions, believing G.o.d had not bestowed those abilities upon me, to bury them under a bushel; for though my education was very mean, yet, by my continual industry, and G.o.d"s great mercy, I found myself capable to go forward with the work, and to commit the issue thereof unto Divine Providence.
I had a hard task in hand to begin the first part hereof, and much labour I underwent to methodize it as it is.
I ingenuously confess unto you (Arts" great Mecaenas, n.o.ble Esquire Ashmole,) no mortal man had any share in the composition or ordering of the first part thereof, but my only self. You are a person of great reading, yet I well know you never found the least trace thereof in any author yet extant.
In composing, contriving, ordering, and framing thereof (viz. the first part) a great part of that year was spent. I again perused all, or most, authors I had, sometimes adding, at other times diminishing, until at last I thought it worthy of the press. When I came to frame the second part thereof, having formerly collected out of many ma.n.u.scripts, and exchanged rules with the most able professors I had acquaintance with, in transcribing those papers for impression, I found, upon a strict inquisition, those rules were, for the most part, defective; so that once more I had now a difficult labour to correct their deficiency, to new rectify them according to art; and lastly, considering the multiplicity of daily questions propounded unto me, it was as hard a labour as might be to transcribe the papers themselves with my own hand.
The desire I had to benefit posterity and my country, at last overcame all difficulties; so that what I could not do in one year, I perfected early the next year, 1647; and then in that year, viz. 1647, I finished the third book of[14] nativities,[15] during the composing whereof, for seven whole weeks, I was shut up of the plague, burying in that time two maid-servants thereof; yet towards November that year, the Introduction, called by the name of _Christian Astrology_, was made publick. There being, in those times, some smart difference between the army and the Parliament, the head-quarters of the army were at Windsor, whither I was carried with a coach and four horses, and John Booker with me. We were welcome thither, and feasted in a garden where General Fairfax lodged.
We were brought to the General, who bid us kindly welcome to Windsor; and, in effect, said thus much:
[Footnote 14: The name of the person whose nativity is directed and judged, is Mr. Thompson, whose father had been some time an inn-keeper at the White-Hart in Newark.]
[Footnote 15: I devised the forms and fashions of the several schemes. E.A.]
"That G.o.d had blessed the army with many signal victories, and yet their work was not finished. He hoped G.o.d would go along with them until his work was done. They sought not themselves, but the welfare and tranquillity of the good people, and whole nation; and, for that end, were resolved to sacrifice both their lives and their own fortunes. As for the art we studied, he hoped it was lawful and agreeable to G.o.d"s word: he understood it not; but doubted not but we both feared G.o.d; and therefore had a good opinion of us both." Unto his speech I presently made this reply:
"My Lord, I am glad to see you here at this time.
"Certainly, both the people of G.o.d, and all others of this nation, are very sensible of G.o.d"s mercy, love, and favour unto them, in directing the Parliament to nominate and elect you General of their armies, a person so religious, so valiant.
"The several unexpected victories obtained under your Excellency"s conduct, will eternize the same unto all posterity.
"We are confident of G.o.d"s going along with you and your army, until the great work for which he ordained you both, is fully perfected; which we hope will be the conquering and subversion of your"s and the Parliament"s enemies, and then a quiet settlement and firm peace over all the nation, unto G.o.d"s glory, and full satisfaction of tender consciences.
"Sir, as for ourselves, we trust in G.o.d; and, as Christians, believe in him. We do not study any art but what is lawful, and consonant to the scriptures, fathers, and antiquity; which we humbly desire you to believe," &c.
This ended, we departed, and went to visit Mr. Peters the minister, who lodged in the castle, whom we found reading an idle pamphlet come from London that morning. "Lilly, thou art herein," says he. "Are not you there also?" I replied. "Yes, that I am," quoth he.--The words concerning me were these:
From th" oracles of the Sibyls so silly, The curst predictions of William Lilly, And Dr. Sybbald"s Shoe-lane Philly, Good Lord, deliver me.
After much conference with Hugh Peters, and some private discourse betwixt us two, not to be divulged, we parted, and so came back to London.
King Charles the First, in the year 1646, April 27, went unto the Scots, then in this nation. Many desired my judgment, in time of his absence, to discover the way he might be taken: which I would never be drawn unto, or give any direction concerning his person.
There were many lewd Mercuries printed both in London and Oxford, wherein I was sufficiently abused, in this year, 1646. I had then my ascendant _ad_ [symbol: Gemini] [symbol: aspect "conjunction"], and [symbol: Moon] _ad propriun_. The Presbyterians were, in their pulpits, as merciless as the Cavaliers in their pamphlets.
About this time, the most famous mathematician of all Europe,[16] Mr.
William Oughtred, parson of Aldbury in Surry, was in danger of sequestration by the Committee of or for plundered ministers; (_Ambo-dexters_ they were;) several inconsiderable articles were deposed and sworn against him, material enough to have sequestered him, but that, upon his day of hearing, I applied myself to Sir Bolstrode Whitlock, and all my own old friends, who in such numbers appeared in his behalf, that though the chairman and many other Presbyterian members were stiff against him, yet he was cleared by the major number. The truth is, he had a considerable parsonage, and that only was enough to sequester any moderate judgment: he was also well known to affect his Majesty. In these times many worthy ministers lost their livings or benefices, for not complying with the _Three-penny Directory_. Had you seen (O n.o.ble Esquire) what pitiful ideots were prefered into sequestrated church-benefices, you would have been grieved in your soul; but when they came before the cla.s.sis of divines, could those simpletons but only say, they were converted by hearing such a sermon, such a lecture, of that G.o.dly man Hugh Peters, Stephen Marshall, or any of that gang, he was presently admitted.
[Footnote 16: This gentleman I was very well acquainted with, having lived at the house over-against his, at Aldbury in Surrey, three or four years. E.A.]
In 1647, I published the _World"s Catastrophe_, the _Prophecies of Ambrose Merlin_, with the _Key_ wherewith to unlock those obstruse Prophecies; also _Trithemius of the Government of the World by the presiding Angels_; these came forth all in one book.
The two first were exquisitely translated by yourself, (most learned Sir) as I do ingenuously acknowledge in my _Epistle unto the Reader_, with a true character of the worth and admirable parts, unto which I refer any that do desire to read you perfectly delineated. I was once resolved to have continued _Trithemius_ for some succeeding years, but multiplicity of employment impeded me. The study required, in that kind of learning, must be sedentary, of great reading, sound judgment, which no man can accomplish except he wholly retire, use prayer, and accompany himself with angelical consorts.
His Majesty Charles the First, having entrusted the Scots with his person, was, for money, delivered into the hands of the English Parliament, and, by several removals, was had to Hampton-Court, about July or August 1647; for he was there, and at that time when my house was visited with the plague. He was desirous to escape from the soldiery, and to obscure himself for some time near London, the citizens whereof began now to be unruly, and alienated in affection from the Parliament, inclining wholly to his Majesty, and very averse to the army. His Majesty was well informed of all this, and thought to make good use hereof; besides, the army and Parliament were at some odds, who should be masters. Upon the King"s intention to escape, and with his consent, Madam Wh.o.r.ewood (whom you knew very well, worthy Esquire) came to receive my judgment, viz. In what quarter of this nation he might be most safe, and not to be discovered until himself pleased.
When she came to my door, I told her I would not let her come into my house for I buried a maid-servant of the plague very lately. "I fear not the plague, but the pox," quoth she; so up we went. After erection of my figure, I told her about twenty miles (or thereabouts) from London, and in Ess.e.x, I was certain he might continue undiscovered. She liked my judgment very well; and, being herself of a sharp judgment, remembered a place in Ess.e.x about that distance, where was an excellent house, and all conveniences for his reception. Away she went, early next morning, unto Hampton-Court, to acquaint his Majesty; but see the misfortune: He, either guided by his own approaching hard fate, or misguided by Ashburnham,[17] went away in the night-time westward, and surrendered himself to Hammond, in the Isle of Wight.
[Footnote 17: This Ashburnham was turned out of the House of Commons the 3d of November, 1667, for taking a bribe of five hundred pounds of the merchants. I was informed hereof 26th November, 1667.]
Whilst his Majesty was at Hampton-Court Alderman Adams sent his Majesty one thousand pounds in gold, five hundred whereof he gave Madam Wh.o.r.ewood. I believe I had twenty pieces of that very gold for my share.
I have something more to write of Charles the First"s misfortunes, wherein I was concerned; the matter happened in 1648, but I thought good to insert it here, having after this no more occasion to mention him.
His Majesty being in Carisbrook-Castle in the Isle of Wight, the Kentish men, in great numbers, rose in arms, and joined with the Lord Goring; a considerable number of the best ships revolted from the Parliament; the citizens of London were forward to rise against the Parliament; his Majesty laid his design to escape out of prison, by sawing the iron bars of his chamber window; a small ship was provided, and anch.o.r.ed not far from the castle to bring him into Suss.e.x; horses were provided ready to carry him through Suss.e.x into Kent, so that he might be at the head of the army in Kent, and from thence to march immediately to London, where thousands then would have armed for him. The Lady Wh.o.r.ewood came to me, acquaints me herewith. I got G. Farmer (who was a most ingenious lock-smith, and dwelt in Bowlane) to make a saw to cut the iron bars in sunder, I mean to saw them, and aqua fortis besides. His Majesty in a small time did his work; the bars gave liberty for him to go out; he was out with his body till he came to his breast; but then his heart failing, he proceeded no farther: when this was discovered, as soon after it was, he was narrowly looked after, and no opportunity after that could be devised to enlarge him. About September the Parliament sent their Commissioners with propositions unto him into the Isle of Wight, the Lord William Sea being one; the Lady Wh.o.r.ewood comes again unto me from him or by his consent, to be directed: After perusal of my figure, I told her the Commissioners would be there such a day; I elected a day and hour when to receive the Commissioners and propositions; and as soon as the propositions were read, to sign them, and make haste with all speed to come up with the Commissioners to London. The army being then far distant from London, and the city enraged stoutly against them, he promised he would do so. That night the Commissioners came, and old Sea and his Majesty had private conference till one in the morning: the King acquaints Sea with his intention, who clearly dissuaded him from signing the propositions, telling him they were not fit for him to sign; that he had many friends in the House of Lords, and some in the House of Commons; that he would procure more, and then they would frame more easy propositions. This flattery of this unfortunate Lord occasioned his Majesty to wave the advice I and some others that wished his prosperity had given, in expectation of that which afterwards could never be gained. The army having some notice hereof from one of the Commissioners, who had an eye upon old Sea, hasted unto London, and made the citizens very quiet; and besides, the Parliament and army kept a better correspondency afterwards with each other.