Wilson"s Tales of the Borders and of Scotland.
by Various.
JUDITH THE EGYPTIAN; OR, THE FATE OF THE HEIR OF RICCON.
"The black-eyed Judith, fair and tall, Attracted the heir of Riccon Hall.
For years and years was Judith known, Queen of a wild world all her own; By Wooler Haugh, by silver Till, By Coldstream Bridge, and Flodden Hill:
Until, at length, one morn, when sleet Hung frozen round the traveller"s feet, By a grey ruin on Tweedside, The creature laid her down and died."--_Border Ballad._
More than three hundred years have elapsed since the people called Gipsies first made their appearance in this country; and, from all that I have been able to trace concerning them, it seems to have been about the same period that a number of their tribes or families proceeded northwards, and became dwellers and wanderers on the Borders. Their chief places of resort, and where, during the inclemency of winter, they horded or housed together, were, Kirk Yetholm, Rothbury, Horncliff, Spittal, and Tweedmouth. I believe that there are none of them now in Horncliff, which, on the bringing in of the muir, ceased to be a refuge for them; and there are but few in Spittal. But, in Rothbury and Kirk Yetholm, they still abound, and of late years have increased in Tweedmouth--that is, during the winter season, for they take to the hedges as soon as the primrose appears, and begin their wanderings. The princ.i.p.al names borne by the different tribes in these parts are Faa, Young, Gordon, Bailie, Blyth, Ruthven, and Winter. Their occupations are chiefly as itinerant muggers or potters, horners or "cuttie-spoon"
makers, tinkers or smiths and tin-workers, and makers of besoms and foot-ba.s.ses. They are still, with very few exceptions, a wandering and unlettered race, such as their fathers were when they first entered Britain. At Kirk Yetholm, however--which is their seat of royalty on the Borders, and where they have a lease of the houses in what is called Tinkler Row, for nineteen times nineteen years, on payment of a quit rent--they have not been so neglectful of the education of their children as in other parts of the country.
At the period of their first appearance in this kingdom, the land was overrun with thieves and vagabonds, who, in the severe and sanguinary laws of Queen Elizabeth and her father Harry, were described as "_loyterers_" and "_st.u.r.dy beggars_;" and it is more than probable that many of these, finding the mode of life followed by the gipsies congenial to them, a.s.sociated with or intermarried amongst them, and so became as a part of them; and this may account for many, calling themselves gipsies, having European, or, I may say, British features.
But the real gipsy there is no mistaking--their dark piercing eyes and Asiatic countenance mark them as distinctly as do the eyes and peculiar features of a Jew. (By the by, I wonder that no searcher after the marvellous has endeavoured to prove them to be a remnant of the lost tribes of Israel.) Like the Jews, they are scattered over the whole earth--like them, they are found in every land; and in every land they remain a distinct people.
Who they are, or whence they came, are questions involved in considerable mystery. Their being called Gipsies or Egyptians in this country, I hold to be a popular error which they themselves propagated.
Egypt, from the earliest period, was distinguished above all lands for its soothsayers and diviners; and, as the chief occupation of the wanderers then was (and in many places still is) fortune-telling, they had cunning enough to profess to be Egyptians, or natives of the land wherein was taught the mysteries of rolling away the clouds which conceal fate and futurity. They have neither the language nor the manners of the Egyptians. No reason could be a.s.signed for their leaving the land of the Pharaohs; and, although the gipsies of the present day profess to be Egyptians, they can bring forward no proof in support of the pretension. From all that I have read concerning them, it seems to me to be clearly proved that they are natives of Hindostan, where they formed a part of the lowest caste of Indians, called Pariars or Suders--a cla.s.s held in detestation and abhorrence by the other castes.
That the gipsy clans have a language peculiar to themselves, and which they frequently speak amongst themselves, is well known. It is not a written language; and they have endeavoured to conceal a knowledge of it from the people amongst whom they dwell. They have called it _gibberish_; and it has been very generally believed to be nothing more than what is usually understood by that term, or that at most it was a sort of _slang_, similar to the phrases used among thieves. This is an error. So far as those who have examined it have been able to ascertain, the secret language spoken by the British gipsies appears to be, with but trifling corruptions, the same as that which is spoken by the Indian caste of Suders in Hindostan.[1]
[Footnote 1: We subjoin a few words as specimens. They are taken from the Glossaries of Grellmann and Richardson.--ED.
_Gipsy._ _Hindostanee._ _English._
Bebee Beebe An Aunt.
Mutchee Muchee Fish.
Can Kan The Ear.
Gur Ghur A House.
Riah Raye A Lord.
Dai Da"ee Mother.
Ma.s.s Mas Food.
Nack Nak The Nose.
Loon Loon Salt.]
But a stronger proof that the gipsies scattered over Europe derive their origin from the Suders of India is demonstrated by the facts that the Suders were the only people who professed the art of palmistry--that they, like the gipsies, are a wandering race--that their occupations are almost identically the same, being fortune-tellers, dancers, and wandering musicians--that the smiths amongst them go about exactly in the same manner as the tinkers, in this country--that, like the gipsies, their favourite food is that of animals that have died of disease--that, like them, they have no fixed religion--and, like them, they endeavour to conceal their language. And the certainty of their being originally the same people is further strengthened, from the Suders having fled in thousands from India, during the murderous ravages of Timur Beg in 1408, which corresponds with the period of the first appearance of the gipsies in Europe. And that they are not Egyptians is strongly proved by the fact, that there are tribes of them in Egypt, where, as in other countries, they are regarded as _strangers and foreigners_.
I may have wearied the patience of the reader with this long and perhaps prosy introduction; but there may be some to whom it will not be uninteresting, as throwing a light on the probable origin of a singular people, of whom Judith the gipsy was one. And now to our story.
One of the chief men amongst the gipsies on the Borders, at the beginning of the last century, was Lussha Fleckie, who was only inferior in authority among the tribes to King Faa, who dwelt at Kirk Yetholm, and boasted of reigning lord over a _free_ people. Lussha"s avocations, like the avocations of all his brethren, were mere apologies for idleness. He was one day a tinker, on another a grinder, and on a third a wandering piper. He was a man of great stature and uncommon strength, and renowned for his exploits as a fisher and a sportsman.
The name of his wife was Mariam, and they had a daughter, called Judith, who, as she grew up towards womanhood, became known throughout Roxburgh and Northumberland as the Gipsy Beauty, or the Beautiful Gipsy. The appellation was not unmeritedly bestowed; for, though her skin was slightly tinged with the tawny hue of her race, a soul seemed to glow through her regular and lovely features, and the l.u.s.tre of her dark eyes to throw a radiance over them. She was tall, and her figure was perfect as her face--it was symmetrical and commanding. Yet she was at once conscious of her beauty and vain of it, and her parents administered to her vanity. They had her fingers adorned with trinkets, her neck with bugles; for Lussha Fleckie, like most of his race, was fond of gold and silver ornaments; and, amongst others, he had in his possession a silver urn, which had been handed down to him through generations, and in which his fathers, as he now did, had deposited the fruits of their spoils and plunder, until it was filled with rich coins as a miser"s coffer. He therefore, although a vagrant, was not a poor man, and could afford to deck the charms of his daughter. Judith was early initiated by her mother into the mysteries of the sybilline leaves--her education indeed extended no farther; and, at the age of fifteen, she was an adept in the art of palmistry. The proudest ladies in broad Northumberland or fair Roxburghshire eagerly submitted their hands to the inspection of the beautiful fortune-teller. The searching brightness of her dark eyes seemed to give a prophetic reality to her words; and, as she caused them to kindle with apparent joy or become transfixed at the discovery of coming wo, her fair and high-born patrons have trembled before her, and inquired, "What is it, Judith?" And, being a favourite with them all, for they both loved and feared her, her person was bedecked with their cast-off garments.
It was early in summer when about forty of the Faa people encamped near the foot of the Eildon Hills. A few minutes served for the erection of their portable village in a secure and sheltered situation, and speedily, supported on pieces of crossed branches, the caldrons swung over the crackling fires, each of which blazed fierce and merrily from between two stones. Savoury exhalations impregnated the air, and gave token of a feast. The banquet being spread upon the sward, when it was finished, and the brandy cup had been sent round, Lussha Fleckie took up his Northumbrian pipes, and began to play a merry reel. Old and young, men, women, and children, started to their feet, and joyous
"Tripp"d the light fantastic toe."
Judith glided through the midst of them, with her bright waving tresses falling on her shoulders, as queen of the glad scene. Of her it might have been said--
"A foot more light, a step more true, Never from heath-flower dash"d the dew; Even the light harebell raised its head, Elastic from her airy tread!"
Her partner in the dance was Gemmel Graeme; and in his veins also flowed gipsy blood. Gemmel was now a youth of twenty, and one of the most daring of his race. A pa.s.sionate enthusiasm marked his disposition. In agile sports and feats of strength he had no compet.i.tor. In these he was what Lussha Fleckie had been. He boasted of his independence, and that he had never placed a finger on the property of friend or neighbour, nor been detected in levying his exactions on a stranger or a foe. His merits were acknowledged by all the tribes on the Borders; and, though he was not of the royal family of Faas, many looked to him as heir-apparent to the sovereignty. He held in princely contempt all trades, professions, and callings, and thought it beneath the dignity of a "lord of creation" to follow them. When, therefore, he accompanied the tribes in their migrations from place to place, he did not, as was the habit of others, a.s.sume the occupation of either tinker, grinder, ba.s.s-manufacturer, or the profession of a musician--but he went forth with his gun and his hound, or his leister and net, and every preserve, plantation, and river supplied him with food, and the barns of strangers with bread.
Judith was two years younger than Gemmel Graeme, and he had not looked upon her lovely face with indifference; for the stronger pa.s.sions and the gentler feelings of the soul find a habitation in the breast of the wandering gipsy as in those of other men. He had a bold manly bearing, and an expressive countenance. Judith, too, had seen much of his exploits. She had beheld him, to the neck in water, struggle with the strong salmon, raise it up, and cast it on the sh.o.r.e. She, too, had witnessed instances of his daring spirit, and in every sport had seen all vanquished who dared to contend with him. Yea, when the scented blossom, like fragrant fleece, overspread the hawthorn hedgerows, and the primrose and wild violet flowered at its roots--when the evening star shone glorious in the west, brightening through the deepening twilight--when the viewless cuckoo sighed "goodnight" to its mate, and the landrail took up its evening cry--then have Judith and Gemmel sat together by the hedge-side, at a distance from the encampment, with her hand in his. Then he would tell her of the feats he had achieved, of the wrestling-matches he had won, or the leaps he had made, and, pressing her hand, add, "But what care I for what I do, or for what others say, when the bright een o" my bonny Judith werena there to reward me wi" a blink o" joy!"
"Ye"re a flatterer, Gemmel," whispered she.
"No, bonniest," answered he; "I deny that; I am nae flatterer. But if I were, ye are far beyont flattery sic as mine; and it is nane to say, that to my een ye are bonnier than yon gowden star, that shines by its single sel" in the wide heavens--and to me ye are dearer than the mountain is to the wild deer, or the green leaves to the singing birds."
Then he would press his lips to hers, and she blushed, but upbraided him not. But in the character of Judith, as in that of every woman over whose bosom vanity waveth its b.u.t.terfly wings, there was something of the coquette. She did not at all times meet the affections of Gemmel with mutual tenderness, though she loved him beyond any one else, and was proud to see him wear her yoke. She had often smiled upon others, while her eyes glanced cold as illuminated ice upon him. Yet never was there one on whom she so smiled that repented not having courted or obtained it. For, as Gemmel"s hand was strong and his love pa.s.sionate, so was his jealousy keen and his revenge insatiate. There were cripples in the tribe, who owed their lameness to the hand of Gemmel, because, in some instance, Judith had shown a capricious preference to them while she slighted him.
Now, as has been said, it was a day of feasting and rejoicing amongst them, and Judith was Gemmel"s partner in the dance. Walter, the young heir of Riccon, was riding round the Eildons, with his grey goshawk upon his arm, and his servant following him; and hearing sounds of music and shouts of revelry, he turned in the direction from whence they proceeded. He drew up his horse within a few yards of the merry group, and, from the first glance, the striking figure and the more striking features of Judith arrested his attention. His eyes followed her through the winding mazes of the dance. They sought to meet hers. Gemmel Graeme observed him, and a scowl gathered on his brow. When the dance was ended, he led Judith to a green hillock on which her father sat, and approaching the heir of Riccon, inquired, fiercely, "What want ye, sir?--what look ye at?"
"Troth, friend," replied Walter, the master of Riccon, who was of too courageous a temperament to be awed by the face or frown of any man, "I look at yer bonny partner, and I want to speak to her, for a lovelier face or a gentler figure my een haena looked on since my mother bore me."
"Sir," retorted Gemmel, more fiercely, "ye hae yer grey goshawk, yer horses, and yer servant; I dinna covet them, and dinna ye covet what is mine, and to me mair precious. Awa" the road ye cam, or ony road ye like, but remain not here. Your company isna desired. Is it the manners o" you gentry to break in where ye are uninvited? Again, I warn ye, _while the earth is green_, to turn your horse"s head away! I, Gemmel Graeme, wha never vowed revenge but I satisfied it, warn ye!"
"As well," replied young Walter, haughtily, "might you vend your threats upon the rocks that compose those cloven mountains, as waste them upon me. I shall speak wi" your bonny partner;" and he struck his spurs into his horse to proceed towards her.
Gemmel grasped the bridle, and in a moment horse and rider were upon the ground.
"Gemmel Graeme!" shouted Lussha Fleckie, "is that the welcome ye gie to strangers? Foul fa" ye! ye pa.s.sionate tyke!--tak yer hands aff the gentleman, and if he wishes to join in oor merriment he"s welcome. Gae, Judith, bring forward the gentle stranger."
Gemmel withdrew his hand from young Walter"s throat; and, as he did so, he uttered wild and bitter words, and flung himself, as if in carelessness, on the ground, his head resting on his hand.
Judith, at her father"s bidding, went and conducted the heir of Riccon to where her father sat and the late dancers were a.s.sembled, and Gemmel was left alone. A brief conversation pa.s.sed between Lussha and Walter, during which the latter failed not to express his admiration of Judith.
Her father smiled--there was a look of triumph in the eyes of her mother. The pipes again struck up, the dance was resumed, and Walter the heir of Riccon was the partner of Judith; while Gemmel Graeme lay upon the ground, gazing upon them and gnashing his teeth.
"We maun see that nae harm come to the young Riccon oot o" this,"
whispered some of the eldest of the tribe to each other, who had not again joined in the dance, "for Gemmel is kicking his heel upon the ground, and whistlin" to himsel", and the horse-shoe is on his brow. It was wrong in Lussha to provoke him. There is an ill drink brewing for the young laird. He is dancing owre gunpoother where the touch-fire is creeping to it."
The dance was ended, and young Walter, taking a costly ring from his finger, placed it on Judith"s, and whispered, "Wear it for my sake." And her cheeks seemed more lovely as she blushed, smiled, and accepted the gift.
Gemmel started to his feet as he beheld this. But Walter dashed his spurs into his horse, and, riding away, in a few minutes was out of sight. Gemmel glanced upbraidingly on Judith, and he pa.s.sed by her parents in sullenness and in silence.
But the heir of Riccon had not ridden far, when he turned round and said to his servant, "We go now to Melrose, and from thence we shall go back and watch the movements o" the party we have seen. Mark ye weel the maiden wi" whom I danced, and whose marrow ye never saw; for rather would I that she was lady o" Riccon Ha", than that I shouldna meet her again."
Shortly after the departure of Walter, some of the tribe, perceiving that what had pa.s.sed between him and Judith was likely to lead to a quarrel between Lussha Fleckie and Gemmel Graeme, and knowing, from the nature of both, that such a quarrel would be deadly in its results, proposed that the festivities should terminate, and the encampment break up. The proposal was carried by a majority of voices; and even Lussha, though conscious of the reason why it was made, knew so well the fiery and desperate nature of him who was regarded by the tribe as the future husband of his daughter, that he brooked his own temper, and agreed to it. And, while they began to move their tents, and to load their a.s.ses and their ponies, Gemmel stood, whistling moodily, leaning against a tree, his eyes ever and anon directed with an inquisitive scowl towards the tent of Judith"s father, his arms folded on his breast, and at intervals stamping his foot upon the ground; while his favourite hound looked in his face, howled, and shook its tail impatiently, as though it knew that there was work for it at hand.
Early on the following day, the servant of the heir of Riccon returned, and brought him tidings that the encampment had broken up, and Judith and her father had erected their tent in the neighbourhood of Kelso; for, as the ballad upon the subject hath it,
"Often by Tweed they saunter"d down As far as pleasant Kelso town."
Walter mounted his horse, and arrived within sight of their tent before the sun had gone down. At a distance from it he perceived Judith. She was alone, and holding her hand towards the declining sun, gazing upon her fingers as if admiring the ring he had presented to her on the previous day. He rode to where she stood. She seemed so entranced that she perceived not his approach. She was indeed admiring the ring. Yet let not her s.e.x blame her too harshly: men and women have all their foibles--this was one of Judith"s; and she was a beautiful but ignorant girl of eighteen, whose mind had never been nurtured, and whose heart had been left to itself, to be swayed by every pa.s.sion. He dismounted--he threw himself on his knees before her--he grasped her hand. "Loveliest of women!" he began----But I will not follow him through his rhapsody. Such speeches can be spoken but at one period of our lives, and they are interesting only to those to whom they are addressed: therefore I will spare my readers its recital. But it made an impression on the heart of Judith. He spoke not of _his_ feats of strength, of his running, leaping, and wrestling, as Gemmel did; but he spoke of _her_, and in strains new but pleasant to her ear. And, although she had chided her first lover as a flatterer, she did not so chide the heir of Riccon. Vanity kindled at his words, and even while he knelt and spoke before her, she forgot Gemmel, and already fancied herself the jewelled lady of Riccon Hall.