+------------------+-------+---------+------------------+--------+FIRM J.Wages of all Employed.+ +-------+---------+------------------+--------+SlackTypical--Busy(a)(b)(c)+------------------+-------+---------+--+---------------+--------+22_s._ to 24_s._0134_s._ to 36_s._220_s._ " 22_s._0032_s._ " 34_s._018_s._ " 20_s._0230_s._ " 32_s._316_s._ " 18_s._0428_s._ " 30_s._014_s._ " 16_s._0426_s._ " 28_s._312_s._ " 14_s._0124_s._ " 26_s._110_s._ " 12_s._3122_s._ " 24_s._08_s._ " 10_s._4120_s._ " 22_s._36_s._ " 8_s._6018_s._ " 20_s._1+------------------+-------+---------+------------------+--------+s. d.s. d.s. d.Median8 015 9--26 4Average8 415 7--25 11+------------------+-------+---------+------------------+--------+ (a) Slack Week, Feb. 8th, 1901.
(b) Typical Week, Feb. 15th, 1901.
(c) Busy Week, March 1st, 1901.
FIRM K.
A publisher"s bookbinder. _Information obtained._--Wage sheet for three selected weeks in 1898-9.
A week as slack as the slack week here given, was only experienced two or three times.
+------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+FIRM K.Typical.Busy.Slack.+------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+Av.Av.Av.No. _s._ _d._No. _s._ _d._No. _s._ _d._+------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+Folders46 13 155 15 843 8 7(piece)+------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+Sewing8 22 28 31 18 11 7machinists(piece)+------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+Collators3 26 103 27 25 14 5(time)+------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+Layers-on4 14 04 19 73 16 11(piece)+------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+Learners2 4 12 8 72 3 7+------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+
+-------------------+-----------+---------------+-----------+FIRM K.Typical.Busy.Slack.+-------------------+-----------+---------------+-----------+36_s._ to 38_s._10034_s._ " 36_s._01032_s._ " 34_s._00030_s._ " 32_s._07128_s._ " 30_s._11026_s._ " 28_s._11024_s._ " 26_s._01122_s._ " 24_s._12020_s._ " 22_s._940+-------------------+-----------+---------------+-----------+18_s._ to 20_s._313216_s._ " 18_s._68314_s._ " 16_s._714412_s._ " 14_s._1110210_s._ " 12_s._13715+-------------------+-----------+---------------+-----------+8_s._ to 10_s._31166_s._ " 8_s._3094_s._ " 6_s._1042_s._ " 4_s._102+-------------------+-----------+---------------+-----------+_s._ _d.__s._ _d.__s._ _d._Median13 316 109 6+-------------------+-----------+---------------+-----------+Quartiles19 119 1011 111 113 107 10+-------------------+-----------+---------------+-----------+
FIRM L.
Compositors. _Information obtained_: Complete wages of the six hands employed through 1900.
No. 1 has been in the trade two and a half years. In 1900 she was away seven weeks (three, slack trade; two, holidays; two, ill); in the remaining forty-five weeks her wages fluctuated between 5_s._ and 18_s._ 3_d._, reached a total of 28 15_s._ 9_d._, making an average of 11_s._ 1_d._ weekly through the year, or 12_s._ 7_d._ per week employed.
No. 2 lost four weeks in 1900 through slack trade. In the remaining forty-eight weeks her wages fluctuated between 5_s._ 6_d._ and 23_s._; reached a total of 40 4_s._ 11_d._, making an average of 15_s._ 6_d._ weekly through the year.
No. 3 made 52 9_s._, working fifty-one weeks at 1 per week, making 29_s._ overtime, and taking one week"s holiday; average, 20_s._ 2_d._ weekly for the year.
No. 4 made 37 16_s._ in forty-four weeks, lost five weeks through slack trade, and took three weeks" holiday; average, 14_s._ 6_d._ weekly for the year.
No. 5 made 39 1_s._ 9_d._ in forty-six weeks, lost four weeks through slack trade, was ill one week and took one week"s holiday; average, 15_s._ weekly for the year.
No. 6 made 22 1_s._ 6_d._ in forty-eight weeks, lost three weeks through slack trade, was ill for one week. She was unsuccessful in her work, and only averaged 8_s._ 4_d._ a week through the year.
FIRM M.
A press warehouse. _Information obtained._--Wage list in three selected weeks.
+-----------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+FIRM M.WeekWeekWeekEndingEndingEndingFeb.Nov.July9th,24th,21st,1900.1899.1899.AverageAverageAveragewage.wage.wage.+-----------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+No. s. d.No. s. d.No. s. d.Time workers36 15 037 15 631 13 5Folders (piece)41 13 350 14 531 11 10Sewers "7 14 77 13 612 9 1Apprentices11 4 111 4 25 4 4+-----------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
+------------------+-----------+-----------+------------+FIRM M.Feb.Nov.July9th,24th,21st,1900.1899.1899.+------------------+-----------+-----------+------------+Above 26_s._11024_s._ to 26_s._00122_s._ " 24_s._01020_s._ " 22_s._15218_s._ " 20_s._36116_s._ " 18_s._1419114_s._ " 16_s._25221912_s._ " 14_s._16182010_s._ " 12_s._1215158_s._ " 10_s._8436_s._ " 8_s._3334_s._ " 6_s._0052_s._ " 4_s._104+------------------+-----------+-----------+------------+_s._ _d.__s._ _d.__s._ _d._+------------------+-----------+-----------+------------+Median14 314 912 9+------------------+-----------+-----------+------------+Quartiles15 917 014 910 912 211 1+------------------+-----------+-----------+------------+Dispersion191614+------------------+-----------+-----------+------------+ (Excluding Apprentices.)
FIRM N.
Bookbinders. _Information obtained._--Complete wage sheets for three selected weeks. Folders, piece; collators, time.
+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+FIRM N.Dec.Oct.Aug.15th,6th,18th,1899.1899.1899.BusyTypicalSlackWeek.Week.Week.AverageAverageAveragewage.wage.wage.+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+No. s. d.No. s. d.No. s. d.Collators18 15 717 11 318 11 0Folders20 13 912 11 109 9 0Learners16 4 65 4 17 2 9+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------+ 1 Sewing Machinist, 23_s._ 9_d._
+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+FIRM N.Dec.Oct.Aug.15th,6th,18th,1899.1899.1899.BusyTypicalSlackWeek.Week.Week.+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+20_s._ to 22_s._41018_s._ " 20_s._31116_s._ " 18_s._101014_s._ " 16_s._106312_s._ " 14_s._110510_s._ " 12_s._46108_s._ " 10_s._2316_s._ " 8_s._2134_s._ " 6_s._0132_s._ " 4_s._201+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+_s._ _d.__s._ _d.__s._ _d._Median15 812 911 3+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+Quartiles16 614 612 911 1011 08 0+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+Dispersion161621+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ (Excluding Learners.)
FIRM O.
_Information obtained._--Wage lists in three selected weeks, probably in first half of 1900. Five hands.
+-----------+---------------+--------------+--------------+FIRM O.Typical Week.Busy.Slack.+-----------+---------------+--------------+--------------+_s._ _d.__s._ _d.__s._ _d._Folder17 620 012 6St.i.tcher21 026 015 0Sewer12 015 08 6Laying-on12 015 011 0Learner5 05 05 0+-----------+---------------+--------------+--------------+
FIRM P.
_Information obtained._--Wage lists in three selected weeks. Wages of twelve selected workers in these weeks.
+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+FIRM P.Aug.Dec.Dec.11th,15th,22nd,1899.1899.1899.+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+1 at1 at1 at27_s._28_s._30_s._4_d._2_d._8_d._Above 24_s._02022_s._ to 24_s._00220_s._ " 22_s._011218_s._ " 20_s._0132416_s._ " 18_s._8232114_s._ " 16_s._17302112_s._ " 14_s._26201310_s._ " 12_s._24998_s._ " 10_s._10716_s._ " 8_s._3014_s._ " 6_s._100--------90106105+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+_s._ _d.__s._ _d.__s._ _d._Median15 015 316 8+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+Quartiles14 017 219 210 813 014 3+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+Dispersion111415+------------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
FIRM Q.
_Information obtained._--Wage lists in eleven selected weeks. Work done--machine ruling in its higher branches, usually done by men; also paging and numbering (see table, p. 131).
+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+FIRM Q.1890.1891.1897.+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Nov. 8th.May 9th.May 14th.+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+20_s._ to 22_s._33018_s._ " 20_s._22316_s._ " 18_s._96414_s._ " 16_s._981112_s._ " 14_s._15141210_s._ " 12_s._5768_s._ " 10_s._6966_s._ " 8_s._68104_s._ " 6_s._8862_s._ " 4_s._5610_s._ " 2_s._000+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+687159+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+_s._ _d.__s._ _d.__s._ _d._+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Median12 611 312 2+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Quartiles15 414 314 67 47 07 7+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Dispersion333+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+FIRM Q.1897.1898.+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Nov. 12th.May 13th.Nov. 11th.+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+20_s._ to 22_s._03018_s._ " 20_s._24216_s._ " 18_s._65714_s._ " 16_s._1081012_s._ " 14_s._12131210_s._ " 12_s._6458_s._ " 10_s._7886_s._ " 8_s._7444_s._ " 6_s._3242_s._ " 4_s._3560_s._ " 2_s._000+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+565658+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+_s._ _d.__s._ _d.__s._ _d._+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Median12 412 1012 4+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Quartiles14 915 615 08 28 98 0+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Dispersion3283+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+FIRM Q.1899.+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Feb. 10th.May 12th.Aug. 11th.+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+20_s._ to 22_s._00018_s._ " 20_s._43216_s._ " 18_s._68114_s._ " 16_s._106412_s._ " 14_s._119610_s._ " 12_s._610108_s._ " 10_s._3586_s._ " 8_s._4564_s._ " 6_s._7942_s._ " 4_s._7280_s._ " 2_s._001+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+585750+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+_s._ _d.__s._ _d.__s._ _d._+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Median12 011 49 6+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Quartiles15 015 013 06 07 36 0+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+Dispersion43537+------------------+------------+-----------+------------+FIRM Q.1899.+------------------+------------+-----------+Nov. 10th.Dec. 8th.+------------------+------------+-----------+20_s._ to 22_s._0118_s._ " 20_s._2216_s._ " 18_s._10914_s._ " 16_s._91012_s._ " 14_s._71010_s._ " 12_s._578_s._ " 10_s._746_s._ " 8_s._564_s._ " 6_s._6142_s._ " 4_s._810_s._ " 2_s._00+------------------+------------+-----------+5964+------------------+------------+-----------+_s._ _d.__s._ _d._+------------------+------------+-----------+Median10 012 0+------------------+------------+-----------+Quartiles15 415 26 46 4+------------------+------------+-----------+Dispersion4135+------------------+------------+-----------+
Additional information from other firms, 1900-1901:--
FIRM R. Bookbinders. Folders and sewers, 14_s._, 15_s._; head banders, 15_s._; forty-eight hours weekly all the year.
FIRM S. Eleven numberers; median, 17_s._ 8_d._
FIRM T. Printing works. Piece workers make 5_d._ an hour; time workers, 5_d._ Four compositors: average, busy week, 23_s._ 2_d._; typical, 19_s._ 11_d._; slack, 18_s._ 9_d._
FIRM U. Vellum sewers, 12_s._ to 13_s._ all the year round; numerical printers, average week, 15_s._ to 16_s._; slack week, 10_s._
FIRM V.
No. Median. Quartiles.
Folders (piece work): _s._ _d._ _s._ _d._ _s._ _d._ Slack week 38 12 1 9 6 16 0 Typical week 44 15 6 15 6 20 9 Busy week 38 20 1 17 10 20 0
Counters (time workers). St.i.tchers. 1 Packer.
No. Median. No. Median.
_s._ _d._ _s._ _d._ _s._ _d._ Slack Week 16 10 0 9 9 9 19 1 Typical Week 14 11 6 9 11 7 20 0 Busy week 14 11 7 9 11 2 20 0
In this case there is very little to choose between the weeks entered as "typical" and "busy" by the employer.
FIRM W.
Two compositors make, at 5_d._ an hour, 22_s._ or 23_s._ nearly every week in the year.
The inclusion of the eighty-four workers, of whom we have sufficient details in firms R. to W., would affect the figures on p. 133 below very slightly, raising the median and upper quartile 2_d._, and increasing the proportion between 18_s._ and 22_s._ to 13 per cent. of the whole instead of 12 per cent.
II.--GENERAL GROUPING OF WAGES.
The material is not sufficiently complete or h.o.m.ogeneous to allow any complete account of wages at any date; but the tables now given (supplemented occasionally by the raw material) allow us to offer an estimate of the grouping in a typical week of 1899, supposing each firm to be paying typical wages in one and the same week. This method is rough, and will not support any fine calculations to be based on it; but at the same time it affords a view, sufficiently accurate for most purposes, of the general trend and distribution of wages. All cla.s.ses of workers, except apprentices and learners, are included.