Harper"s Young People, May 18, 1880.
by Various.
ACROSS THE OCEAN; OR, A BOY"S FIRST VOYAGE.
A True Story.
BY J. O. DAVIDSON.
CHAPTER XI.
AMONG THE "COOLIES."
They found the city one blaze of lanterns, banners, and many-colored fire-works. All the ships in the harbor were gay with brilliant bunting, and the air echoed with the boom of cannon and the snapping of firecrackers, in honor of the Chinese New-Year. In fact, it was quite a Fourth-of-July celebration; and at night there began such a burst of sky-rockets and fire-balloons that the whole town seemed to be in flames.
Early next morning the _Arizona_ opened her ports to receive cargo; and Frank, being told off to a.s.sist, saw for the first time one of the most picturesque sights in the world--a gang of coolies at work. On the other side of the "entering port," beside which he was posted, stood a Pa.r.s.ee merchant, whose long white robe, dark face, and high black cap made him look very much like a cigar wrapped in paper. Along the quivering line of sunlight that streamed through the port came filing, like figures in a magic lantern, an endless procession of tall, sinewy, fierce-looking Malays, and yellow, narrow-eyed, doll-faced Chinamen, carrying blocks of tin, rice sacks, opium chests, or pepper bags, and all moving in time to a dismal tune, suggestive of a dog shut out on a cold night.
Each man shouted his name in pa.s.sing, and the merchant then handed Frank a short piece of cane. These canes were the "tally sticks," their different colors indicating the nature of the articles counted. At every tenth entry the Pa.r.s.ee cried, "Tally," and Austin, reckoning the sticks in his hand, and finding them correct, answered, "Tally."
Our hero soon found that these were not the _only_ sticks employed. A rice sack burst suddenly, and all the coolies stopped their work to pick it up to the last grain, it being thought far too sacred to be wasted.
They were not quite brisk enough about it, however, to please the worthy merchant, who, seizing a stout bamboo, with a shrill yell of "Bree!
bree!" (hurry up) laid about him as if he were beating a carpet, till the hold echoed again.
"You take "tick too; give "em whack-whack," cried he, offering Austin another bamboo. "Dey no work proper widout "tick; dat "courage "em."
"Hum!" thought Frank; "I don"t think it would encourage _me_ much."
The remedy seemed to answer, however, for the coolies at once quickened their movements, grinning as if the whole thing was a capital joke. But it was not long before Frank had to exercise _his_ stick upon a fellow whom he caught in the act of dropping a package overboard, to be fished up and rifled later on--a common trick with the natives, who are most expert thieves. What with all this, and what with the constant counting, he found it very tiring work, and was not sorry when the gang "knocked off," and he went to hand in his accounts to the Captain.
"Very good, my boy; you"ve done capitally for a first trial. After this I"ll rate you as supercargo, and give you a state-room on the officers"
deck."
This was promotion indeed, and our hero, tired as he was, "turned in"
with a light heart.
Next morning the work began again. Bags, boxes, chests, crowded so fast upon each other that Frank and the Pa.r.s.ee were soon forced to shift to one of the six huge barges that lay alongside, piled high with spices, pepper, and bundles of rattan. Two native servants stood by to fan them, while two others shielded them from the burning sun with huge umbrellas; and this group, together with the long file of black or yellow skinned figures below, pouring into the ship with their burdens like a stream of ants, and still chanting their strange, monotonous song, made a very curious picture.
About two o"clock (the sailors" dinner hour) the gang had a short rest, which the Malays employed in squatting about in groups, and chewing betel-nut. A piece of the nut was folded between two green leaves, and munched vigorously, the result being to cover their mouths with a red froth, which, as Frank thought, made them all look as if they had just had two or three teeth out.
After night-fall the work went on by lamp-light, and a very picturesque sight it was. Tired as they were, the men worked with a will, and by midnight the last package was stowed, the last receipt signed, and the _Arizona_ all ready to sail the next day.
After his hard day"s work, Frank slept like a top; but he was aroused soon after sunrise by a knock at his door, and in came a venerable old native in a long white robe, crimson girdle, and hat exactly like a stove-pipe, minus the rim. Shutting the door as carefully as if he were about to confess a murder, he opened a small silk bag, and flashed upon Frank"s astonished eyes a perfect heap of precious stones of all sorts and sizes; then holding up the fingers of both hands several times in succession, he uttered the one word "Rupees."[1]
But the price, though low, was far beyond Austin"s means. He shook his head, and the old gentleman bowed himself out as politely as if Frank had purchased his entire stock. Five minutes later came a second tap, and another native entered, with a basket of delicious fruits, answering our hero"s "How much?" by pointing to a pair of worn-out shoes, and saying, "Can do." Before Austin could recover from his amazement at the idea of a country where men preferred old shoes to hard dollars, the fruit merchant had made his "salam" (bow), and departed with his prize.
He was hardly gone, when a third trader turned up, with a splendid collection of sh.e.l.ls and coral, and the same scene was repeated. This time the "Can do" referred to some ragged old flannel shirts and pants that hung on the wall, in exchange for which the dealer handed over the entire contents of his basket. Frank, more puzzled than ever, went to old Herrick for an explanation.
"Well, lad," said the veteran, "these _natyve_ fellers, d"ye see, are divided into so many "castes," one above t"other, like men and officers aboard ship, and the lower castes have got to pay toll to the higher "uns. Now the high-caste crowd are too great swells to touch a furriner"s clothes or shoes, though they"ll touch his _money_ fast enough; so them two chaps"ll be able to keep all you gave "em, whereas if you"d paid "em in dollars, they"d ha" had to go halves with the "upper crust.""
[TO BE CONTINUED.]
FOOTNOTES:
[1] The rupee is the standard coin of British India, and worth about fifty cents.
EASY BOTANY.
MAY.
May brings so many wild flowers that the mere _names_ would easily fill all the s.p.a.ce I can have.
But the young flower-hunter must get an idea of some of the flowers sure to appear in May, and those who will notice the habits of plants will soon discover where these fair friends dwell, and will learn which selects the valley, which the hill-side, finding that as a general thing they may be looked for with the certainty of being found in their favorite haunts.
Botanical authorities have arranged all known plants in _families_, and each plant belongs to some floral family, the members of which possess certain qualities in common, making it suitable to cla.s.s them together; for instance, all the b.u.t.tercups, anemones, clematis, hepaticas, larkspur, columbine, and many others, belong to the _Crowfoot_ family--a large family, all possessing a colorless but acrid juice, which is, in some of them, a narcotic poison, as h.e.l.lebore, aconite, larkspur, and monk"s-hood. Others are quite harmless, as the marsh-marigold, so well known as cowslips, or the "greens" of early spring. Others have a delicate beauty, as the anemones, hepaticas, and others.
Another family, the _Poppy_ family, takes in all the poppies, the bloodroot, celandine, and others. These have a milky or colored juice, often used medicinally, and from one species of poppy opium is made.
The _Crucifers_, or _Mustard_ family, have cross-shaped flowers, and abound in a pungent, biting juice, with which we are familiar; and thus we could go on enumerating the distinctive qualities of one hundred and thirty families.
In every month are to be found some peculiarly rare and interesting plants, and May can show a fair array. In cold bogs and swamps of New England the genial airs awaken many a blossom that seems too lovely for such dismal surroundings. But bogs and swamps and wet pastures are well worth exploring, and are justly dear to the botanical heart; for here, springing from a bed of soft black mud, may be seen the pink Arethusa, fair as a rose leaf, the rare Calypso, the singular trilliums, the graceful adder"s-tongue, and several species of the remarkable Cypripediums, or lady"s-slipper. The beautiful spring orchis, the only orchis blossoming early, of most delicate white and purple tints, flourishes in damp, rich woods, and the Cornus, or dogwood, lights up the shady nooks with level sheets of bloom.
_Violets_, more than twenty varieties, come on in April, May, and June; but I can specify but one--a charming species of pansy-like beauty, found at Farmington, Connecticut, with the two upper petals of the finest violet tint, and of velvet softness. In moist woodlands in Western Connecticut the staphylea, or bladder-nut, attracts attention by its drooping racemes of white flowers, and later in the season the rich brown seed-vessels are as handsome as the flowers in the spring. All around on the rocky road-side banks and in dry fields the airy wild columbine and pretty corydalis blossoms nod in every breeze, and the ravines on the hills are fringed with the softest frills of exquisite leaves and odd flowers of the Dutchman"s-breeches and squirrel-corn, whitish and pinkish, and with the scent of hyacinths.
One other must not be forgotten, though so well known as hardly needing to be named. Who has not searched in dim New England woods, under solemn pines, for the sweet, shy, waxen cl.u.s.ters of this dearest of all the flowery train, hiding under old rusty leaves, but betraying itself by that indescribably delicious fragrance which perfumes the wood paths?
Surely all the young hands have been filled with the pilgrim"s-flower, the epigaea, the trailing arbutus, the beloved May-flower of olden and of modern time.
In the Middle States many plants are found which New England does not furnish. New Jersey is famed for woodland treasures; not only Orange Mountains, but the pine-barrens, show many a charming blossom, and the dweller at the West finds on the flower-tinted prairies a profusion which the Eastern fields can not approach. On the hills of Pennsylvania may be seen the brilliant flame-colored azalea and the North American papaw--a relative of the tropical custard-apple--and the pink blossoms of the Judas-tree, and several varieties of larkspur, and in low thickets are found the white adder"s-tongue and the dwarf white trillium. At the West, the interesting anemone called Easter or Pasque flower, from its blossoming near Easter; and another beautiful Western flower is the American cowslip, called also the shooting-star, which is found in Pennsylvania as well as on Western prairies. The following is a list of _some_ of the flowers of May, with the localities in which they are most abundant:
FLOWERS OF MAY.
COMMON NAME. COLOR. LOCALITY, ETC.
Adder"s-tongue Bluish-white Thickets, banks; N. Y., Pa., West.
Adder"s-tongue Light yellow Low copses and fields; New England.
American cowslip Pink, white, violet Rich woods; Pa., Western prairies.
Arbutus, May-flower Pink, white Rocky banks, under pines; New Eng.
Arethusa Bright rose Cold bogs; Maine, N. J., South.
Azalea Flame-colored Pennsylvania mountains, and South.
Azure larkspur Uplands; Pa. and West.
Barberry Yellow Open fields, dry banks; New England.
Bellwort Pale yellow Damp woods; New England, West.
Bladder-nut White Western Conn.; woods. Rare.