"We apply this Story thus.
"If the Mogenites did acknowledge the King of Ebronia, we did believe it was done to save the Skip; and when they reproacht the Gallunarian King, with breaking the Treaty of Division, we us"d to say we would all break thro" twice as many Engagements for half as much Advantage.
"This setting up a new King, against a King on the Throne, Acknowledg"d and Congratulated by them, is not only look"d on in the Lunar World, as a thing Ridiculous, but particularly Infamous, that they should first acknowledge a King, and then set up the t.i.tle of another. If the t.i.tle of the first Ebronian King be good, this must be an Impostor, an Usurper of another Man"s Right; if it was not good, why did they acknowledge him, and give him the full t.i.tle of all the Ebronian Dominions? Caress and Congratulate him, and make a publick Action of it to his Amba.s.sador.
"Will they tell us they were Bully"d, and Frighted into it? that is to own they may be hufft into an ill Action; for owing a Man in the Posession of what is none of his own, is an ill thing, and he that may be hufft into one ill Action, may by Consequence be hufft into another, and so into any thing.
"What will they say for doing it? we have heard there has been in the World you came from, a way found out to own Kings de Facto, but not de Jure; if they will fly to that ridiculous Shift, let them tell the World so, that we may know what they mean, for those foolish things are not known here.
"If they own"d the King of Ebronia voluntarily, and acknowledg"d his Right as we thought they had; how then can this young Gentleman have a t.i.tle, unless they have found out a new Division, and so will have two Kings of Ebronia, make them Partners, and have a Gallunarian King of Ebronia, and a Mogenite King of Ebronia, both together?
"Our Lunar Nations, Princes and States, whatever they may do in your World, always seek for some Pretences at least to make their Actions seem Honest, whither they are so or no; and therefore they generally publish Memorials, Manifesto"s and Declarations, of their Reasons why, and on what account they do so, or so; that those who have any Grounds to charge them with Unjustice, may be answer"d, and silenc"d; "tis for the People in your Country, to fall upon their Neighbours, only because they will do it, and make probability of Conquest, a sufficient Reason of Conquest; the Lunarian Nations are seldom so dest.i.tute of Modesty, but that they will make a shew of Justice, and make out the Reasons of their Proceedings; and tho" sometimes we find even the Reasons given for some Actions are weak enough; yet it is a bad Cause indeed, that can neither have a true Reason, nor a pretended one. The custom of the Moon has oblig"d us to show so much respect to Honesty, that when our Actions have the least colour of Honesty, yet we will make Reasons to look like a Defence, whether it be so or no.
"But here is an Action that has neither reality, nor pretence, here is not Face enough upon it to bear an Apology. First, they acknowledge one King, and then set up another King against him; either they first acknowledg"d a wrong King, and thereby became Parties to a Usurper, or they act now against all the Rules of common Justice in the World, to set up a sham King, to pull down a true one, only because "tis their Interest to have it so.
"This makes the very Name of a Solunarian scandalous to all the Moon, and Mankind look upon them with the utmost Prejudice, as if they were a Nation who had sold all their Honesty to their Interest; and who could act this way to Day, and that way to Morrow, without any regard to Truth, or the Rule of Honour, Equity or Conscience; This is Swearing any thing to save the Skip; and never let any Man Reproach the Gallunarian King with breaking the Treaty of Division, and disregarding the Faith and Stipulations of Leagues; for this is an Action so inconsistent with it self, so incongruous to common Justice, to the Reason and Nature of things, that no History of any of these latter Times can parallel it, and "tis past the Power of Art to make any reasonable Defence for it.
"Indeed some lame Reasons are given for it by our Polit.i.tians. First, they say the Prince with the great Lip was extremely prest by the Gallunarians at Home in his own Country, and not without apprehensions of seeing them e"er long, under the Walls of his capital City.
"From this circ.u.mstance of the Man with the Lip, "twas not irrational to expect that he might be induc"d to make a separate Peace with the Gallunarians, and serve them as he did once the Prince of Berlindia at the Treaty of Peace in a former War, where he deserted him after the solemnest Engagements never to make Peace without him; but his pressing Occasions requiring it, concluded a Peace without him, and left him to come out of the War, as well as he could, tho" he had come into it only for his a.s.sistance. Now finding him in danger of being ruin"d by the Gallunarian Power, and judging from former Practice in like Cases, that he might be hurry"d into a Peace, and leave them in the Lurch; they have drawn him into this Labrinth, as into a Step, which can never be receded from without the utmost Affront and Disgrace, either to the Family of the Gallunarian, or of the Lip; an Action which in its own Nature, is a Defiance of the whole Gallunarian Power, and without any other Manifesto, may be taken as a Declaration from the House of the Lip, to the Gallunarian, that this War shall never end, till one of those two Families are ruin"d and reduc"d.
"What Condition the Prince with the Lip"s Power is in, to make such a huff at this Time, shall come under Examination by and by; in the mean time the Solunarians have clench"d the Nail, and secur"d the War to last as long as they think convenient.
"If the Gallunarians should get the better, and reduce the Man with the Lip to Terms never so disadvantageous, he cannot now make a Peace without leave from the Solunarians and the Mogenites, least his Son should be ruin"d also.----- Or if he should make Articles for himself, it must be with ten times the Dishonour that he might have done before.
"Politicians say, "tis never good for a Prince to put himself into a case of Desperation. This is drawing the Sword, and throwing away the Scabbard; if a Disaster should befal him, his Retreat is impossible, and this must have been done only to secure the Man with the Lip from being hufft, or frighted into a separate Peace.
"The second Reason People here give, why the Solunarians are concerning themselves in this Matter, is drawn from Trade.
"The continuing of Ebronia in the Hands of the Gallunarians, will most certainly be the Destruction of the Solunarian and Mogenites Trade, both to that Kingdom, and the whole Seas on that side of the Moon; as this Article includes a fifth Part of all the Trade of the Moon, and would in Conjunction with the Gallunarians at last bring the Mastership of the Sea, out of the Hands of the other, so it would in effect be more detriment to those two Nations, than ten Kingdoms lost, if they had them to part with.
"This the Solunarians foreseeing, and being extremely sensible of the entire Ruin of their Trade, have left no Stone unturn"d to bring this piece of Pageantry on the Stage, by which they have hook"d in the Old Black Eagle to plunge himself over Head and Ears in the Quarrel, in such a manner, as he can never go back with any tolerable Honour; he can never quit his Son and the Crown of Ebronia, without the greatest Reproach and Disgrace of all the World in the Moon.
"Now whether one, or both of these Reasons are true in this Case, as most believe both of them to be true; the Policy of my Country-men, the Solunarians is visible indeed, but as for their Honesty, it is past finding out.
"But it is objected here, this Son of the Lip has an undoubted Right to the Crown of Ebronia. We do not Fight now to set up an Usurper, but to pull down an Usurper, and it has been made plain by the Manifesto, that the giving a Kingdom by Will, is no conveyance of Right; the Prince of the Eagle has an undoubted Right, and they Fight to maintain it.
"If this be true, then we must ask these High and Mighty Gentlemen how came they to recognize and acknowledge the present King on the Throne? why did they own an Usurper if he be such? either one or other must be an act of Cowardize and Injustice, and all the Politicks of the Moon cannot clear them of one of these two Charges; either they were Cowardly Knaves before, or else they must be Cunning Knaves now.
"If the Young Eagle has an undoubted t.i.tle now, so he had before, and they knew it as well before, as they do now; what can they say for themselves, why they should own a King, who they knew had no t.i.tle, or what can they say for going to pull down one that has a t.i.tle?
"I must be allow"d to distinguish between Fighting with a Nation, and Fighting with the King. For Example. Our Quarrel with the Gallunarians is with the whole Nation, as they are grown too strong for their Neighbours. But our Quarrel with Ebronia is not with the Nation, but with their King, and this Quarrel seems to be unjust in this particular, at least in them who own"d him to be King, for that put an end to the Controversy.
""Tis true, the Justice of publick Actions, either in Princes, or in States, is no such nice Thing, that any Body should be surpriz"d, to see the Government forfeit their Faith, and it seems the Solunarians are no more careful this way, than their Neighbours. But then those People should in especial manner forbear to reproach Other Nations and Princes, with the breaches which they themselves are subject too.
"As to the Eagle, we have nothing to say to the Honesty of his declaring his Son King of Ebronia, for as is hinted before, he never acknowledg"d the t.i.tle of the Usurper, but always declar"d, and insisted on his own undoubted Right, and that he would recover it if he could.
"Without doubt the Eagle has a t.i.tle by Proximity of Blood, founded on the renunciation of the King of Gallunaria formerly mention"d, and if the Will of the late King be Invalid, or he had no Right to give the Soveraignty of his Kingdoms away, then the Eagle is next Heir.
"But as we quit his Morals, and justify the Honesty of his Proceedings in the War, against the present King of Ebronia, so in this Action of declaring his second Son. We must begin to question his Understanding, and saying a respect of decency, it looks as if his Musical Head was out of Tune, to Illus tratellus. I crave leave to tell you a Story out of your own Country, which we have heard of hither. A French Man that could speak but broken English, was at the Court of England, when on some occasion he happen"d to hear the t.i.tle of the King of England read thus, Charles the II. King of England, Scotland France and Ireland.
"Vat is dat you say? says Monsieur, being a little affronted, the Man reads it again, as before. Charles the Second, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland.------ Charles the Second, King of France! Ma Foy, says the French Man, you can no read, Charles the Second, King of France, ha! ha! ha! Charles the Second, King of France, when he can catch. Any one may apply the Story, whether it was a true one or no.
"All the Lunar World looks on it, therefore, as a most Ridiculous, Senseless Thing, to make a Man a King of a Country he has not one Foot of Land in, nor can have a Foot there, but what he must Fight for. As to the probability of gaining it, I have nothing to say to it, but if we may guess at his Success there, by what has been done in other Parts of the Moon, we find he has Fought three Campaigns, to lose every Foot he had got.
"It had been much more to the Honour of the Eagle"s Conduct, and of the young Hero himself, first to ha" let him ha" fac"d his Enemy in the Field, and as soon as he had beaten him, the Ebronians would have acknowledg"d him fast enough; or his own Victorious Troops might have Proclaim"d him at the Gate of their Capital City; and if after all, the Success of the War had deny"d him the Crown he had fought for, he had the Honour to have shown his Bravery, and he had been where he was, a Prince of the Great Lip. A Son of the Eagle is a t.i.tle much more Honourable than a King Without a Crown, without Subjects, without a Kingdom, and another Man upon his Throne; but by this declaring him King, the old Eagle has put him under a necessity of gaining the Kingdom of Ebronia, which at best is a great hazard, or if he fails to be miserably despicable, and to bear all his Life the constant Chagrin of a great t.i.tle and no Possession.
"How ridiculous will this poor Young Gentleman look, if at last he should be forc"d to come Home again without his Kingdom? what a King of Clouts will he pa.s.s for, and what will this King-making old Gentlemen, his Father say, when the young Hero shall tell him, your Majesty has made me Mock King for all the World to laugh at.
""Twas certainly the weakest Thing that could be, for the Eagle thus to make him a King of that, which, were the probability greater than it is, he may easily, without the help of a Miracle, be disappointed of.
""Tis true, the Confederates talk big, and have lately had a great Victory, and if Talk will beat the King of Ebronia out of his Kingdom, he is certainly undone, but we do not find the Gallunarians part with any thing they can keep, nor that they quit any thing without Blows; It must cost a great deal of Blood and Treasure before this War can be ended; if absolute Conquest on one side must be the Matter, and if the Design on Ebronia should miscarry, as one Voyage thither has done already, where are we then? Let any Man but look back, and consider what a sorry Figure your Confederate Fleet in your World had made, after their Andalusian Expedition, if they had not more by Fate than Conduct, chopt upon a Booty at Vigo as they came back.
"In the like condition, will this new King come back, if he should go for a Kingdom and should not Catch, as the French Man call"d it. "Tis in the Sense of the probability of this miscarriage, that most Men wonder at these unaccountable Measures, and think the Eagles Councils look a little Wildish, as if some of his great Men were grown Dilirious and Whymsical, that fancy"d Crowns and Kingdoms were to come and go, just as the great Divan at their Court should direct.
This confusion of Circ.u.mstances has occasion"d a certain Copy of Verses to appear about the Moon, which in our Characters may be read as follows.
Wondelis Idulasin na Perixola Metartos, Strigunia Crolias Xerin Hytale fylos; Farnicos Galvare Orpto sonamel Egonsberch, Sih lona Sipos Gullia Ropta Tylos.
"Which may be English"d thus.
Casar you Trifle with the World in vain, Think rather now of Germany than Spain; He"s hardly fit to fill th" Eagle"s Throne, Who gives new Crowns, and can"t protect his own.
"But after all to come closer to the Point, if I can now make it out that whatever it was before, this very Practice of declaring a second Son to be King of Ebronia, has publickly own"d the Proceedings of the King of Gallunaria to be Just, and the t.i.tle of his Grandson to be much better than the t.i.tle of the now declar"d King, what shall we call it then?
"In order to this, "tis first necessary to examine the t.i.tle of the present King, and to enter into the history of his coming to the Crown, in which I shall be very Brief.
"The last King of Ebronia dying without Issue, and a former Renunciation taking place, the Succession devolves on the House of the Eagle as before, of whom the present Eagle is the eldest Branch.
"But the late King of Ebronia, to prevent the Succession of the Eagle"s Line, makes a Will, and supplies the Proviso of Renunciation by Devising, Giving or Bequeathing the Crown to the Grandson of his Sister.
"The King of Gallunaria insists that this is a lawful t.i.tle to the Crown, and seizes it accordingly, inflating his Grandson in the Possession.
"The Eagle alledges the Renunciation to confirm his t.i.tle as Heir; and as to the Will of the late King, he says Crowns cannot descend by Gift, and tho" the late King had an undoubted Right to enjoy it himself, he had none to give it away.
"To make the application of this History as short as may be, I demand then what Right has the Eagle to give it to his second Son? if Crowns are not to descend by Gift, he may have a Right to enjoy it, but can have none to give it away, but if he has a Right to give it away; so had the former King, and then the present King has a better t.i.tle to it than the new one, because his Gift was Prior to this of the Eagle.
"I would be glad to see this answer"d; and if it can"t, then I Query whether the Eagle"s Senses ought not to be question"d, for setting up a t.i.tle very Foundation for which he quarrels at him that is in Possession, and so confirm the honesty of the Possessor"s t.i.tle by his own Practice.?
"From the whole, I make no Scruple to say that either the Eagle"s second Son has no t.i.tle to the Kingdom of Ebronia, or else giving of Crowns is a legal Practice; and if Crowns may descend by Gift, then has the other King a better t.i.tle than he, because it was given him first, and the Eagle has only given away what he had no Right to, because "twas given away before he had any t.i.tle to it himself.
"Further, the Posterity of the Eagle"s eldest Son are manifestly injur"d in this Action, for Kings can no more give away their Crowns from their Posterity, than from themselves; if the Right be in the Eagle, "tis his, as he"s the eldest Male Branch of the House of the great Lip, not as he is Eagle, and from him the Crown of Ebronia by the same Right of Devolution descends to his Posterity, and rests on the Male Line of every eldest Branch. If so, no Act of Renunciation can alter this Succession, for that is a Gift, and the Gift is exploded, or else the whole House of the great Lip is excluded; so that let the Argument be turn"d and twisted never so many ways, it all Centers in this, that the present Person can have no t.i.tle to the Crown of Ebronia.
"If he has any t.i.tle, "tis from the Gift of his Father and elder Brother; if the Gift of a Crown is no good t.i.tle, then his t.i.tle cannot be good; If the Gift of a Crown is a good t.i.tle, then the Crown was given away before, and so neither he nor his Father has any t.i.tle.
"Let him that can answer these Paradoxes defend his t.i.tle if he can; and what shall we now say to the War in Ebronia, only this, that they are going to fight for the Crown of Ebronia? and to take it away from one that has no Right to it, to give it to one that has a less Right than he, and "tis to be fear"d that if Heaven be Righteous, "twill succeed accordingly.
"The Gentlemen of Letters who have wrote of this in our Lunar World, on the Subject of the Gallunarians t.i.tle, have took a great deal of Liberty in the Eagle"s behalf, to Banter and Ridicule the Gallunarian sham of a t.i.tle, as if it were a pretence too weak for any Prince to make use of, to talk of Kings giving their Crowns by Will.