Some stories and poems must be read thoughtfully in order to gain the author"s full meaning; such reading cannot be done rapidly. In other selections, the meaning can be grasped easily, and the reading can be rapid; in such cases we read mainly for the story, holding in mind the various incidents as the plot unfolds. Throughout this book certain stories, particularly those of Part II, may well be read silently and reported on in cla.s.s: The following suggestions will help you to gain power in silent reading:
(a) Time yourself by the clock as you read each story suggested for silent reading; what was your reading speed per page? (b) Test your ability to get the thought quickly from the printed page (1) by noting how many of the questions that develop the main thoughts, under Discussion, you can answer after one reading, and (2) by telling the substance of the story from an outline. Sometimes this guiding outline is prepared for you, as in question 19, below; sometimes you are asked to prepare it. This outline may also be used at the close of the lesson as a guide in retelling the story. You may have to read parts of the story again to be able to answer all these questions and to give the substance of the story fully. Notice that the rapid silent readers in your cla.s.s generally gain and retain more facts than the slow readers do. Try steadily to increase your speed in silent reading.
To supplement and give balance to the lessons in silent reading, certain pa.s.sages notable for their beauty, their force, or their dramatic quality, are listed, under Cla.s.s readings, to be read aloud.
NOTES AND QUESTIONS
Discussion. 1. What kind of boy was Aladdin? What caused the magician to notice him? 3. What did the magician do to make Aladdin and his mother like him? 4. How did he force Aladdin to obey him? 5. What did Aladdin see when he raised the stone? 6. What directions did the magician give Aladdin before he descended the steps? 7. Explain the magician"s anxiety to get the lamp before he helped Aladdin up from the cavern. 8. How was Aladdin rescued from the cavern? 9. How did he discover the power of his lamp? 10. What effect did his good fortune have upon him? 11. What use did Aladdin make of the fruit he had gathered? 12. How did Aladdin persuade his mother to see the Sultan?
13. Why did the Sultan permit Aladdin to marry his daughter? 14. How and where was Aladdin"s palace built? 15. Where had Aladdin left the lamp when he went on his hunting trip? 16. How did the magician gain possession of it? 17. How did Aladdin regain the lamp? 18. Cla.s.s readings: Page 156, line 9, to page 160, line 4 (5 pupils). 19.
Outline for testing silent reading. Tell in your own words the story of Aladdin, using the following topics: (a) the boyhood of Aladdin; (b) Aladdin"s pretended uncle; (c) the visit to the cave; (d) Aladdin"s return to his mother; (e) Aladdin and the Princess. 20. Find in the Glossary the meaning of: province; prudence; bewilderment; abashed; extinguish; transparent; enchantment; dungeon; Genius; Sultan; magnificence; bounties; cornice; transport. 21. p.r.o.nounce: dessert; nephew; niche; fatigue; hideous; imaginable; porcelain; vizier; gorgeous.
ALI BABA AND THE OPEN SESAME
(Ed.--This story, in it"s original, uncondensed version, in addition to many others, can be found at the web site searching in the index for the t.i.tle Arabian Nights.)
In an old town of Persia there lived two brothers, Ca.s.sim and Ali Baba.
Ca.s.sim married a wife who owned a fine shop, a warehouse, and some land; he thus found himself quite at his ease, and soon became one of the richest men in the town. Ali Baba, on the other hand, had a wife no better off than himself, and lived in a very poor house. He supported his family by cutting wood in the forest, and carrying it on his a.s.ses to sell about the town.
One day Ali Baba went to the forest, and had very nearly finished cutting as much wood as his a.s.ses could carry, when he saw high in the air a thick cloud of dust, which seemed to be coming toward him.
He gazed at it for a long time, until he saw a company of men on horseback, riding so fast that they were almost hidden by the dust.
Although that part of the country was not often troubled by robbers, Ali Baba thought that these hors.e.m.e.n looked like evil men. Therefore, without thinking at all what might become of his a.s.ses, his first and only care was to save himself. So he climbed up quickly into a large tree, the branches of which spread out so close and thick that from the midst of them he could see everything that pa.s.sed, without being seen.
The robbers rode swiftly up to this very tree, and there alighted. Ali Baba counted forty of them, and saw that each horseman took the bridle off his horse and hung over its head a bag filled with barley. Then they took their traveling bags, which were so heavy that Ali Baba thought they must be filled with gold and silver.
With his bag on his shoulder, the Captain of the thieves came close to the rock, at the very spot where the tree grew in which Ali Baba had hidden himself. After the rascal had made his way through the shrubs that grew there, he cried out, "Open Sesame!" so that Ali Baba distinctly heard the words. No sooner were they spoken than a door opened in the rock. The Captain and all his men pa.s.sed quickly in, and the door closed again.
There they stayed for a long time. Ali Baba was compelled to wait in the tree with patience, as he was afraid some of them might come out if he left his hiding-place. At length the door opened, and the forty thieves came out. After he had seen all the troop pa.s.s out before him, the Captain exclaimed, "Shut Sesame!" Each man then bridled his horse, and mounted. When the Captain saw that all were ready, he put himself at their head, and they rode off as they had come.
Ali Baba did not come down from the tree at once, because he thought they might have forgotten something, and be obliged to come back, and that he should thus be caught. He watched them as long as he could; nor did he leave the tree for a long time after he had lost sight of them. Then, recalling the words the Captain had used to open and shut the door, he made his way through the bushes to it, and called out, "Open Sesame!" Instantly the door flew wide open!
Ali Baba expected to find only a dark cave, and was very much astonished at seeing a fine large chamber, dug out of the rock, and higher than a man could reach. It received its light from a hole in the top of the rock. In it were piled all sorts of rare fruits, bales of rich merchandise, silk stuffs and brocades, and great heaps of money, both silver and gold, some loose, some in large leather bags.
The sight of alt these things almost took Ali Baba"s breath away.
But he did not hesitate long as to what he should do. He went boldly into the cave, and as soon as he was there, the door shut; but since he knew the secret by which to open it, this gave him no fear. Leaving the silver, he turned to the gold which was in the bags, and when he had gathered enough for loading his three a.s.ses, he brought them to the rock, loaded them, and so covered the sacks of gold over with wood that no one could suspect anything. This done, he went to the door, and had no sooner said the words, "Shut Sesame," than it closed.
And now Ali Baba took the road to the town; and when he got home, he drove his a.s.ses into the yard and shut the gate with great care. He threw off the wood that hid the gold and carried the bags into the house, where he laid them down in a row before his wife, who was sitting upon a couch.
When he had told the whole story of the cave and the forty thieves, he emptied the sacks, making one great heap of gold that quite dazzled his wife"s eyes. His wife began to rejoice in this good fortune, and was going to count over the money that lay before her, piece by piece.
"What are you going to do?" said he. "Why, you would never finish counting them. I will dig a pit to bury it in; we have no time to lose."
"It is right, though," replied the wife, "that we should know about how much there may be. I will go and borrow a small grain-measure, and while you are digging the pit, I will find how much there is."
So the wife of Ali Baba set off and went to her brother-in-law, Ca.s.sim, who lived a short way from her house. Ca.s.sim was away from home, so she begged his wife to lend her a measure for a few minutes.
"That I will with pleasure," said Ca.s.sim"s wife. She went to seek a measure, but knowing how poor Ali Baba was, she was curious to know what sort of grain his wife wanted to measure; so she put some tallow on the bottom of the measure in such a way that no one would notice it.
The wife of Ali Baba returned home, and placing the measure on the heap of gold, filled it over and over again, till she had measured the whole. Ali Baba by this time had dug the pit for it, and while he was burying the gold, his wife went back with the measure to her sister-in-law, but without noticing that a piece of gold had stuck to the bottom of it.
The wife of Ali Baba had scarcely turned her back, when Ca.s.sim"s wife looked at the bottom of the measure, and was astonished to see a piece of gold sticking to it. "What!" said she, "Ali Baba measures his gold!
Where can the wretch have got it?" When her husband Ca.s.sim came home, she said to him, "Ca.s.sim, you think you are rich, but Ali Baba must have far more wealth than you; he does not count his gold as you do; he measures it." Then she showed him the piece of money she had found sticking to the bottom of the measure--a coin so ancient that the name of the prince engraved on it was unknown to her.
Far from feeling glad at the good fortune which his brother had met with, Ca.s.sim grew so jealous of Ali Baba that he pa.s.sed almost the whole night without closing his eyes. The next morning before sunrise he went to him. "Ali Baba," said he, harshly, "you pretend to be poor and miserable and a beggar, and yet you measure your money"--here Ca.s.sim showed him the piece Of gold his wife had given him. "How many pieces," added he, "have you like this, that my wife found sticking to the bottom of the measure yesterday?"
Ca.s.sIM VISITS THE CAVE
From this speech Ali Baba knew that Ca.s.sim, and his wife also, must suspect what had happened. So, without showing the least sign of surprise, he told Ca.s.sim by what chance he had found the retreat"
of the thieves, and where it was; and offered, if he would keep the secret, to share the treasure with him.
"This I certainly expect," replied Ca.s.sim in a haughty tone; "otherwise I will inform the police of it." Ali Baba, led rather by his good nature than by fear, told him all, even to the words he must p.r.o.nounce, both on entering the cave and on quitting it. Ca.s.sim made no further inquiries of Ali Baba; he left him, determined to seize the whole treasure, and set off the next morning before break of day with ten mules laden with large hampers which he proposed to fill. He took the road which Ali Baba had pointed out, and arrived at the rock and the tree; on looking for the door, he soon discovered it. When he cried, "Open Sesame!" the door obeyed; he entered, and it closed again.
Greedy as Ca.s.sim was, he could have pa.s.sed the whole day in feasting his eyes with the sight of so much gold; but he remembered that he had come to take away as much as he could; he therefore filled his sacks, and coming to the door, he found that he had forgotten the secret words, and instead of saying, "Open Sesame" he said, "Open Barley." So the door, instead of flying open, remained closed. He named various other kinds of grain; all but the right one were called upon, and still the door did not move.
The thieves returned to their cave toward noon; and when they were within a short distance of it, and saw the mules belonging to Ca.s.sim laden with hampers, standing about the rock, they were a good deal surprised. They drove away the ten mules, which took to flight in the forest. Then the Captain and his men, with their sabers in their hands, went toward the door and said, "Open Sesame!" At once it flew open.
Ca.s.sim, who from the inside of the cave heard the horses trampling on the ground, did not doubt that the thieves had come, and that his death was near. Resolved, however, on one effort to escape and reach some place of safety, he placed himself near the door ready to run out as soon as it should open. The word "Sesame" was scarcely p.r.o.nounced when it opened, and he rushed out with such violence that he threw the Captain to the ground. He could not, however, escape the other thieves, who slew him on the spot.
On entering the cave the thieves found, near the door, the sacks which Ca.s.sim had filled, but they could not imagine how he had been able to get in.
The wife of Ca.s.sim, in the meantime, was in the greatest uneasiness when night came and her husband did not return. After waiting as long as she could, she went in the utmost alarm to Ali Baba, and said to him, "Brother, I believe you know that Ca.s.sim has gone to the forest; he has not yet come back, although it is almost morning. I fear some accident may have befallen him."
Ali Baba did not wait for entreaties to go and seek for Ca.s.sim. He immediately set off with his three a.s.ses, and went to the forest. As he drew near the rock, he was astonished to see that blood had been shed near the cave. When he reached the door, he said, "Open Sesame!"
and it opened.
He was shocked to see his brother"s body in the cave. He decided to carry it home, and placed it on one of his a.s.ses, covering it with sticks to conceal it. The other two a.s.ses he quickly loaded with sacks of gold, putting wood over them as before. Then, commanding the door to close, he took the road to the city, waiting in the forest till nightfall, that he might return without being observed. When he got home, he left the two a.s.ses that were laden with gold for his wife to unload; and having told her what had happened, he led the other a.s.s to his sister-in-law"s. Ali Baba knocked at the door, which was opened to him by Morgiana, who was a female slave, clever, and full of invention. "Morgiana," said he, "the first thing I have to ask you is to keep a deep secret! This packet contains the body of your master, and we must bury him as if he had died a natural death. Let me speak to your mistress, and hearken what I say to her."
Morgiana went to call her mistress, and Ali Baba then told her all that had happened before his arrival with the body of Ca.s.sim.
"Sister," added he, "here is a sad affliction for you, but we must contrive to bury my brother as if he had died a natural death; and then we shall be glad to offer you a shelter under our own roof."
The widow of Ca.s.sim reflected that she could not do better than consent. She therefore wiped away her tears, and suppressed her mournful cries, and thereby showed Ali Baba that she accepted his offer.
Ali Baba left her in this frame of mind, and Morgiana went out with him to an apothecary"s there. She knocked at the shop door, and when it was opened, asked for a particular kind of lozenge of great effect in dangerous illness. The apothecary gave her the lozenge, asking who was ill in her master"s family. "Ah!" exclaimed she with a deep sigh, "it is my worthy master, Ca.s.sim himself. He can neither speak nor eat!"
Meanwhile, as Ali Baba and his wife were seen going backwards and forwards to the house of Ca.s.sim, in the course of the day, no one was surprised on hearing in the evening the piercing cries of his widow and Morgiana, which announced his death.
And so the body of Ca.s.sim was prepared for its burial, which took place the next day, attended by Ali Baba and Morgiana.
As for his widow, she remained at home to lament and weep with her neighbors, who, according to the usual custom, repaired to her house during the ceremony of the burial, and joining their cries to hers, filled the air with sounds of woe. Thus the manner of Ca.s.sim"s death was so well hidden that no one in the city knew anything about it.
THE ROBBERS SEEK REVENGE ON ALI BABA