The Healthy Life Cook Book.
by Florence Daniel.
Preface
This little book has been compiled by special and repeated request.
Otherwise, I should have hesitated to add to the already existing number of vegetarian cookery books. It is not addressed to the professional cook, but to those who find themselves, as I did, confronted with the necessity of manufacturing economical vegetarian dishes without any previous experience of cooking. An experienced cook will doubtless find many of the detailed instructions superfluous.
The original idea was to compile a cookery book for those vegetarians who are non-users of milk and eggs. But as this would have curtailed the book"s usefulness, especially to vegetarian beginners, the project was abandoned. At the same time, non-users of milk and eggs will find that their interests have been especially considered in very many of the recipes.
All the recipes have been well tested. Many of them I evolved myself after repeated experiments. Others I obtained from friends. But all of them are used in my own little household. So that if any reader experiences difficulty in obtaining the expected results, if she will write to me, at 3, Tudor Street, London, E.C., and enclose a stamped envelope for reply, I shall be glad to give any a.s.sistance in my power.
I desire to record my grat.i.tude here to the friends who have sent me recipes; to the graduate of the Victoria School of Cookery, who a.s.sisted me with much good advice; to Ca.s.sell"s large Dictionary of Cookery, from which I gathered many useful hints; to the _Herald of Health_, which first published recipes for the Agar-agar Jellies and Wallace Cheese; and to E.
and B. May"s Cookery Book, from whence emanates the idea of jam without sugar. Lastly, I would thank Mrs. Hume, of "Loughtonhurst," Bournemouth, with whom I have spent several pleasant holidays, and who kindly placed her menus at my disposal.
FLORENCE DANIEL.
Preface to Second Edition
This little cookery book was originally published for that "straiter" sect of food-reformers who abstain from the use of salt, yeast, etc. But, owing to repeated requests from ordinary vegetarians, who find the book useful, I am now including recipes for yeast bread, cheese dishes, nutmeat dishes, etc. I have put all these in the chapter ent.i.tled "Extra Recipes." To go to the opposite extreme there is a short chapter for "unfired feeders."
Other new recipes have also been added.
The note _re_ Salads has been borrowed from E.J. Saxon, and the Vegetable Stew in Ca.s.serole Cookery from R. & M. Goring, in _The Healthy Life_.
FLORENCE DANIEL.
_Everyday Fitness_
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[Ill.u.s.tration]
I.--UNFERMENTED BREAD.
1. COLD WATER BREAD.
1-1/4 lb. fine wholemeal flour to 3/4 pint water.
Put the meal into a basin, add the water gradually, and mix with a clean, cool hand. (Bread, pastry, etc., mixed with a spoon, especially of metal, will not be so light as that mixed with a light cool hand.) Knead lightly for 20 minutes. (A little more flour may be required while kneading, as some brands of meal do not absorb so much water as others, but do not add more than is absolutely necessary to prevent the fingers sticking.) Put the dough on to a floured board and divide into four round loaves. p.r.i.c.k with a fork on top.
The colder the water used, the lighter the bread, and if the mixing be done by an open window so much the better, for unfermented bread is air-raised. Distilled or clean boiled rain-water makes the lightest bread.
But it should be poured backwards and forwards from one jug to another several times, in order to aerate it.
_Another method_ of mixing is the following:--Put the water into the basin first and stir the meal quickly into it with a spatula or wooden spoon.
When it gets too stiff to be stirred, add the rest of the meal. Knead for two minutes, and shape into loaves as above.
BAKING.--Bake on the bare oven shelf, floored. If possible have a few holes bored in the shelf. This is not absolutely necessary, but any tinker or ironmonger will perforate your shelf for a few pence. Better still are wire shelves, like sieves. (This does not apply to gas ovens.)
Start with a hot oven, but not too hot. To test, sprinkle a teaspoonful of flour in a patty pan, and put in the oven for five minutes. At the end of that time, if the flour is a light golden-brown colour, the oven is right.
Now put in the bread and keep the heat of the oven well up for half an hour. At the end of this time turn the loaves. Now bake for another hour, but do not make up the fire again. Let the oven get slightly cooler. The same result may perhaps be obtained by moving to a cooler shelf. It all depends on the oven. But always start with a hot oven, and after the first half hour let the oven get cooler.
Always remember, that the larger the loaves the slower must be the baking, otherwise they will be overdone on the outside and underdone in the middle.
Do not open the oven door oftener than absolutely necessary.
If a gas oven is used the bread must be baked on a baking sheet placed on a sand tin. A sand tin is the ordinary square or oblong baking tin, generally supplied with gas stoves, filled with silver sand. A baking sheet is simply a piece of sheet-iron, a size smaller than the oven shelves, so that the heat may pa.s.s up and round it. Any ironmonger will cut one to size for a few pence. Do not forget to place a vessel of water (hot) in the bottom of the oven. This is always necessary in a gas oven when baking bread, cakes or pastry.
It must not be forgotten that ovens are like children they need understanding. The temperature of the kitchen and the oven"s nearness to a window or door will often make a difference of five or ten minutes in the time needed for baking. One gas oven that I knew never baked well in winter unless a screen was put before it to keep away draughts!
ROLLS.--If you desire to get your bread more quickly it is only a question of making smaller loaves. Little rolls may be cut out with a large egg-cup or small pastry cutter, and these take any time from twenty minutes to half an hour.
2. EGG BREAD.
9 ozs. fine wholemeal, 1 egg, a bare 1/2 pint milk and water, b.u.t.ter size of walnut.