[Footnote 54: Diminutive of _kniaz_--prince.]
[Footnote 55: Diminutive from _bojar_--Lord.]
[Footnote 56: Marienburg in German.]
[Footnote 57: A sort of coat.]
[Footnote 58: The bison of Pliny; the urus of Caesar. The bison, destroyed in all other countries of Europe, is only to be found in Poland in the forest of Bialowieza, where a special body of guards takes care of this rare animal.]
[Footnote 59: It means here a fort, a stronghold, a castle.]
[Footnote 60: Grzywna or mark was equal to half pound of silver.]
[Footnote 61: High sharp pointed hat.]
[Footnote 62: Crooked.]
[Footnote 63: Polish _tata_ = papa; hence the diminutive and endearing terms _tatus, tatutu_ and _tatulku_ = "dear papa," "dear little papa,"
etc.]
[Footnote 64: Another form of diminutive from _tata_--father.]
[Footnote 65: Church with certain special privileges. It is a popular expression for the church called _collegiata_, in Latin.]
[Footnote 66: Silesia.]
[Footnote 67: A popular exclamation of joy--sometimes of distress if it is put with another word.]
[Footnote 68: An exclamation of mirth, especially in songs; and while dancing, they exclaim in Poland: hoc! hoc!]
[Footnote 69: Wooden beehive excavated in a tree.]
[Footnote 70: Kind of fur jacket--bolero.]
[Footnote 71: Both words are diminutives of _tata_--father.]
[Footnote 72: Diminutive of mother.]
[Footnote 73: In 1331.]
[Footnote 74: Stronghold--castle.]
[Footnote 75: Miss.]
[Footnote 76: Breslau in German.]
[Footnote 77: Diminutive of _tata_ father.]
[Footnote 78: Abbreviation of Przeclaw.]
[Footnote 79: Podhale is part of the mountains of Karpaty.]
[Footnote 80: Nickname given to bears.]
[Footnote 81: Popular name for bear.]
[Footnote 82: Wolf.]
[Footnote 83: Seminarists students.]
[Footnote 84: Diminutive of _wlodyka_.]
[Footnote 85: Piece of money; it is twenty-fourth part of _grzywna_ or mark, which was worth half pound of silver; one _skojeg_ was worth about one-third of an ounce.]
[Footnote 86: "Bold Mountain"--a place in Poland, where one of the first three Benedictine monasteries was built by the king, Boleslaw Chrobry (the Valiant) 1125. In this monastery is a part of our Saviour"s cross--hence pilgrimages to that place.]
[Footnote 87: Diminutive of _wlodyka_.]
[Footnote 88: Another form of _pan_--lord; when one speaks in commiseration or in sympathy, any noun can take this form.]
[Footnote 89: A short prayer for the dead.]
[Footnote 90: The famous victory over the Knights of the Cross by the king Wladyslaw Lokietek.]
[Footnote 91: Lokiec means an ell in Polish. King Wladyslaw was of the family Piasts, but he was called Lokietek on account of his short stature.]
[Footnote 92: Marks.]
[Footnote 93: Here it means a commandant.]
[Footnote 94: A part of Poland. The people were called Kurpie, on account of their shoes made of the bark of trees. They were all famous marksmen.]
[Footnote 95: Krystyn.]
[Footnote 96: A woolen material, made by Polish peasants. In some provinces _kilimeks_ are very artistic on account of the odd designs and the harmony of the colors.]
[Footnote 97: Szczytno in Polish.]
[Footnote 98: Cymbaska who married Ernest Iron Habsburg.]
[Footnote 99: The knight Uter, being in love with the virtuous Igerna, wife of Prince Gorlas, with Merlin"s help a.s.sumed the form of Gorlas, and with Igerna begot the king Arthur.]
[Footnote 100: Kind of horn.]
[Footnote 101: Wigand of Marburg mentions such cases.]
[Footnote 102: There is a custom in Poland, Hungary, Bohemia and some other countries, to break wafers at receptions and parties, on Christmas eve and the following two days, expressing in the meantime good wishes for all manner of prosperity and happiness. The wafers are distributed by the parish that is to say by the priest or s.e.xton. The author refers to that custom.]
[Footnote 103: Siebenkirchen in German, a province which now belongs to Hungary, it was then an independent princ.i.p.ality.]