The Works of Lord Byron: Letters and Journals.
Volume 2.
by Lord Byron.
PREFACE
The second volume of Mr. Murray"s edition of Byron"s "Letters and Journals" carries the autobiographical record of the poet"s life from August, 1811, to April, 1814. Between these dates were published "Childe Harold" (Cantos I., II.), "The Waltz", "The Giaour", "The Bride of Abydos", the "Ode to Napoleon Buonaparte". At the beginning of this period Byron had suddenly become the idol of society; towards its close his personal popularity almost as rapidly declined before a storm of political vituperation.
Three great collections of Byron"s letters, as was noted in the Preface [1] to the previous volume, are in existence. The first is contained in Moore"s "Life" (1830); the second was published in America, in FitzGreene Halleck"s edition of Byron"s "Works" (1847); of the third, edited by Mr. W.E. Henley, only the first volume has yet appeared. A comparison between the letters contained in these three collections and in that of Mr. Murray, down to December, 1813, shows the following results: Moore prints 152 letters; Halleck, 192; Mr. Henley, 231. Mr.
Murray"s edition adds 236 letters to Moore, 196 to Halleck, and to Mr.
Henley 157. It should also be noticed that the material added to Moore"s "Life" in the second and third collections consists almost entirely of letters which were already in print, and had been, for the most part, seen and rejected by the biographer. The material added in Mr. Murray"s edition, on the contrary, consists mainly of letters which have never before been published, and were inaccessible to Moore when he wrote his "Life" of Byron.
These necessary comparisons suggest some further remarks. It would have been easy, not only to indicate what letters or portions of letters are new, but also to state the sources whence they are derived. But, in the circ.u.mstances, such a course, at all events for the present, is so impolitic as to be impossible. On the other hand, anxiety has been expressed as to the authority for the text which is adopted in these volumes. To satisfy this anxiety, so far as circ.u.mstances allow, the following details are given.
The material contained in these two volumes consists partly of letters now for the first time printed; partly of letters already published by Moore, Dallas, and Leigh Hunt, or in such books as Galt"s "Life of Lord Byron", and the "Memoirs of Francis Hodgson". Speaking generally, it may be said that the text of the new matter, with the few exceptions noted below, has been prepared from the original letters, and that it has proved impossible to authenticate the text of most of the old material by any such process.
The point may be treated in greater detail. Out of the 388 letters contained in these two volumes, 220 have been printed from the original letters. In these 220 are included practically the whole of the new material. Among the letters thus collated with the originals are those to Mrs. Byron (with four exceptions), all those to the Hon. Augusta Byron, to the Hanson family, to James Wedderburn Webster, and to John Murray, twelve of those to Francis Hodgson, those to the younger Rushton, William Gifford, John Cam Hobhouse, Lady Caroline Lamb, Mrs.
Parker, Bernard Barton, and others. The two letters to Charles Gordon (30, 33), the three to Captain Leacroft (62, 63, 64), and the one to Ensign Long (vol. ii. p. 19, "note"), are printed from copies only.
The old material stands in a different position. Efforts have been made to discover the original letters, and sometimes with success. But it still remains true that, speaking generally, the printed text of the letters published by Moore, Dallas, Leigh Hunt, and others, has not been collated with the originals. The fact is important. Moore, who, it is believed, destroyed not only his own letters from Byron, but also many of those entrusted to him for the preparation of the "Life", allowed himself unusual liberties as an editor. The examples of this licence given in Mr. Clayden"s "Rogers and his Contemporaries" throw suspicion on his text, even where no apparent motive exists for his suppressions.
But, as Byron"s letters became more bitter in tone, and his criticisms of his contemporaries more outspoken, Moore felt himself more justified in omitting pa.s.sages which referred to persons who were still living in 1830. From 1816 onwards, it will be found that he has transferred pa.s.sages from one letter to another, or printed two letters as one, and "vice versa", or made such large omissions as to shorten letters, in some instances, by a third or even a half. No collation with the originals has ever been attempted, and the garbled text which Moore printed is the only text at present available for an edition of the most important of Byron"s letters. But the originals of the majority of the letters published in the "Life", from 1816 to 1824, are in the possession or control of Mr. Murray, and in his edition they will be for the first time printed as they were written. If any pa.s.sages are omitted, the omissions will be indicated.
Besides the new letters contained in this volume, pa.s.sages have been restored from Byron"s ma.n.u.script notes ("Detached Thoughts", 1821). To these have been added Sir Walter Scott"s comments, collated with the originals, and, in several instances, now for the first time published.
Appendix VII. contains a collection of the attacks made upon him in the Tory press for February and March, 1814, which led him, for the moment, to resolve on abandoning his literary work.
In conclusion, I wish to repeat my acknowledgment of the invaluable aid of the "National Dictionary of Biography", both in the facts which it supplies and the sources of information which it suggests.
R.E. PROTHERO.
September, 1898.
CHAPTER V.
AUGUST, 1811-MARCH, 1812.
"CHILDE HAROLD", CANTOS I., II.
169.--To John Murray. [1]
Newstead Abbey, Notts., August 23, 1811.
Sir,--A domestic calamity in the death of a near relation [2] has. .h.i.therto prevented my addressing you on the subject of this letter. My friend, Mr. Dallas, [3] has placed in your hands a ma.n.u.script poem written by me in Greece, which he tells me you do not object to publishing. But he also informed me in London that you wished to send the MS. to Mr. Gifford. [4] Now, though no one would feel more gratified by the chance of obtaining his observations on a work than myself, there is in such a proceeding a kind of pet.i.tion for praise, that neither my pride--or whatever you please to call it--will admit.
Mr. G. is not only the first satirist of the day, but editor of one of the princ.i.p.al reviews. As such, he is the last man whose censure (however eager to avoid it) I would deprecate by clandestine means. You will therefore retain the ma.n.u.script in your own care, or, if it must needs be shown, send it to another. Though not very patient of censure, I would fain obtain fairly any little praise my rhymes might deserve, at all events not by extortion, and the humble solicitations of a bandied-about MS. I am sure a little consideration will convince you it would be wrong.
If you determine on publication, I have some smaller poems (never published), a few notes, and a short dissertation on the literature of the modern Greeks (written at Athens), which will come in at the end of the volume.--And, if the present poem should succeed, it is my intention, at some subsequent period, to publish some selections from my first work,--my Satire,--another nearly the same length, and a few other things, with the MS. now in your hands, in two volumes.--But of these hereafter. You will apprize me of your determination.
I am, Sir, your very obedient, humble servant,
BYRON.
[Footnote 1: For John Murray, see "Letters", vol. i. p. 334, note 1 [Footnote 1 to Letter 167].]
[Footnote 2: Mrs. Byron died August I, 1811.]
[Footnote 3: For R. C. Dallas, see "Letters", vol. i. p. 168, note 1.
[Footnote 1 to Letter 87]]
[Footnote 4: For Gifford, the editor of the "Quarterly Review", see "Letters", vol. i. p. 198, note 2. [Footnote 4 of Letter 102]]
170.--To James Wedderburn Webster. [1]
Newstead Abbey, August 24th, 1811.
MY DEAR W.,--Conceiving your wrath to be somewhat evaporated, and your Dignity recovered from the _Hysterics_ into which my innocent note from London had thrown it, I should feel happy to be informed how you have determined on the disposal of this accursed Coach, [2] which has driven us out of our Good humour and Good manners to a complete Standstill, from which I begin to apprehend that I am to lose altogether your valuable correspondence. Your angry letter arrived at a moment, to which I shall not allude further, as my happiness is best consulted in forgetting it. [3]
You have perhaps heard also of the death of poor Matthews, whom you recollect to have met at Newstead. He was one whom his friends will find it difficult to replace, nor will Cambridge ever see his equal.
I trust you are on the point of adding to your relatives instead of losing them, and of _friends_ a man of fortune will always have a plentiful stock--at his Table.
I dare say now you are gay, and connubial, and popular, so that in the next parliament we shall be having you a County Member. But beware your Tutor, for I am sure he Germanized that sanguinary letter; you must not write such another to your Const.i.tuents; for myself (as the mildest of men) I shall say no more about it.