_Ch._ How many Ways may this Sentence be turn"d, _Magno mihi constat?_
_The Ratio of varying this Sentence._
_Magno mihi constat._
_Au._ By these Words, _impendo, insumo, impertio, constat_, as: I have taken Pains much in teaching you. I have taken much Pains in that Matter. I have not spent less Money than I have Care upon that Matter. I have not spent a little Money, but much Time, and very much Labour, and some Study. I have spent much Study. This Thing has cost me many a Night"s Sleep, much Sweat, much Endeavour, very much Labour, a great Expence, a great Deal of Money. It has cost me more than you believe. My Wife stands me in less than my Horse.
_Ch._ But what is the meaning, _Austin_, that you put sometimes an Ablative, and sometimes a Genitive Case to the Verb _constat_?
_Au._ You have stated a very useful and very copious Question. But that I may not be troublesome to the Company by my too much Talk, I will dispatch it in a few Words. But I desire to hear every Man"s Opinion, that I may not be troublesome to any Man, as I have said.
_Ch._ But why may not the Damsels desire the same?
_Au._ Indeed they do nothing else but hear. I"ll attempt it with _Grammatica_"s a.s.sistance. "You know that Verbs of buying and selling, and some others, are of a like Signification, to which these Genitives are put alone, without Substantives, _tanti, quanti, pluris, minoris, tantidem, quantivis, quanticunque_: But in Case Substantives be not added, which, if they happen to be put, they are both turned into the Ablative Case; so that if a certain Price be set down, you put it in the Ablative Case; if by an Adjective put substantively, you put it in the Ablative Case, unless you had rather make Use of an Adverb."
_Ch._ What are those Verbs that you speak of?
_Au._ "They are commonly _emo, mereor; redimo_, (that is a Thing either taken or lost) _vendo, venundo; revendo_, (that is, I sell again that which was sold to me) _veneo_, (that is, I am sold) whose Prater Tense is _venivi_, or _venii_, the Supine _venum_; hence comes _venalis_; and from that, _i.e._ _vendo_, comes _vendibilis; mereo_, for _inservio et stipendium_ _facio_, _i.e._ to serve under (as a Soldier). _Comparo_, that is, to buy, or commit. _Computo_, I change, I exchange with.
_Cambire_ is wholly barbarous in this Sense. _aestimo_, to tax. _Indico_, for I estimate, rate. _Liceor, liceris; licitor, licitaris_, to cheapen, to bid. _Distrahor_, _i.e._ I am carried about to be sold. _Metior_, for I estimate or rate. _Constat_, for it is bought. _Conducere_, to let to hire. _Faenero_, I put to Interest. _Faeneror_, I take at Interest (to Usury.) _Paciscor, pactus sum pango, pepigi_, _i.e._ I make a Bargain."
_Ch._ Give an Example.
_Of selling and buying._
_The Forms._
_Au._ How much do you lett that Field for by the Year. We will answer.
For twenty _French_ Pounds. Whoo! You lett it too dear. Nay, I have lett it for more before now. But I would not give so much for it. If you hire it for less I"ll be hang"d. Nay, your Neighbour _Chremes_ offer"d me a Field, and asks for it--How much? Just as much as you ask for yours.
But it is much better. That"s a Lye. I do as they use to do who cheapen a Thing. Do you keep it yourself at that Price. What, do you cheapen, ask the Price, when you won"t buy any Thing. Whatsoever you shall lett it me for shall be paid you very honestly.
_Of Selling and Buying._
_Another Example._
How much do you sell that Conger Eel for?
_Syra._ For five Pence. That"s too much, you nasty Jade. Nay, "tis too little, no Body will sell you for less. Upon my Life it cost me as much within a Trifle. You Witch, you tell a Lie, that you may sell it for twice or three Times as much as it cost you. Ay, I"ll sell it for a hundred Times as much if I can, but I can"t find such Fools. What if I should ask the Price of yourself? What do you value yourself at?
According as I like the Person. What do you prize yourself at? What Price do you set upon yourself? Tell me, what Price do you rate yourself at? Ten Shillings. Whoo, so much? O strange! Do you value me at less?
Time was when I have had as much for one Night. I believe you may, but I believe you an"t now worth so much as a Fish by a great Deal. Go hang yourself, you Pimp. I value you as little as you do me. He that shall give a Farthing for you buys you too dear. But I"ll be sold for more, or I won"t be sold at all. If you would be sold at a great Rate you must get you a Mask, for those Wrinkles in your Forehead won"t let you be sold for much. He that won"t give so much for me shan"t have me. I would not give a Straw for you. I cost more.
_A third Example._
I have been at an Auction to-Day. Say you so? I bid Money for a Share in the Customs. But how much? Ten Thousand Pound. Whoo! what, so much?
There were those that bid a great Deal more; very few that offer"d less.
Well, and who had the Place at last? _Chremes_, your Wife"s great Friend. But guess what it was sold for. Ten. Nay, fifteen. O good G.o.d! I would not give Half so much for him and all his Family together. But he would give twice as much for your Wife. "Do you take Notice, that in all these, wheresoever there is a Substantive of the Price, that is put in the Ablative Case; but that the rest are either put in the Genitive Case, or are changed into Adverbs. You have never heard a Comparative without a Substantive, except in these two, _pluris_, and _minoris_.
There are some other Verbs, of which we have spoken, that are not very much unlike these, _sum, facio, habeo, duco, aestimo, pendo_, which signify (in a Manner) the same Thing; likewise _fio_, and they are for the most Part join"d with these Genitives, _multi, parvi, magni, pluris, plurimi, minoris, minimi, maximi, tanti, quanti, flocci, pili, nihili, nauci, hujus_, and any other like them." _Ch._ Give Examples.
_Of valuing. The Form._
_Au._ Do you know how much I have always valu"d you? You will always be made of such Account by Men as you make Account of Virtue. Gold is valued at a great Rate now a-Days, Learning is valued at a very little, or just nothing at all. I value Gold less than you think for. I don"t value your Threats of a Rush. I make a very little Account of your Promises. I don"t value you of a Hair. If Wisdom were but valued at so great a Rate as Money, no Body would want Gold. With us, Gold without Wisdom is esteem"d to be of more Worth than Wisdom without Gold. I esteem you at a greater Rate, because you are learned. You will be the less esteem"d on here because you don"t know how to lye. Here are a great many that will persuade you that Black is White. I set the greater Value upon you because you love Learning. So much as you have, so much you shall be esteem"d by all Men; so much as you have, so much you shall be accounted of every where. It is no Matter what you are accounted, but what you are. I value my _Christian_ above any Man else in the World. "There are some other Verbs found with these Genitives and Ablatives, which in their own Nature don"t signify buying, or anything like it." _Peter_ bought a Kiss of the Maid for a Shilling. Much good may it do him. I would not kiss at that Rate. How much do you play for?
What did you pay for Supper? We read of some that have spent Six hundred Sesterces for a Supper. But the _French_ often sup for a Half-penny.
What Price does _Faustus_ teach for? A very small Matter. But for more than _Delius_. For how much then? For nineteen Guineas. I won"t learn to lye at so dear a Rate. _Phaedria_ in _Terence_ lost both his Substance and himself. But I would not love at that Rate. Some Persons pay a great Price for sleeping. _Demosthenes_ had more for holding his Tongue than others had for speaking. I pray you to take it in good Part. "There is another Sort of Verbs, that require an Accusative Case, with a Genitive or Ablative, which are, _accuso_, _i.e._ I object a Crime, or _culpo_, also one that"s absent; _Incuso_, _i.e._ I blame without Judgment; _arguo_, I reprehend, _insimulo_, _i.e._ I throw in a Suspicion of a Fault. _Postulo_, _i.e._ I require you to answer at Law, _accerso_, I impeach, _d.a.m.no_, I condemn, I p.r.o.nounce him to be in Fault. _Admoneo_, I admonish."
_Ch._ For Example Sake?
_Forms of Accusing._
_Au. Scipio_ is accused of courting the Populace. Thou who art the most impudent, accusest me of Impudence. _Lepidus_ is accused of Bribery. You are accus"d of a capital Crime. If you shall slily insinuate a Man to be guilty of Covetousness, you shall hear that which is worse again. Put him in Mind of his former Fortune. Men are put in Mind of their Condition, by that very Word. Put _Lepidus_ in Mind of his Promise.
"There are many that admit of a double Accusative Case. I teach thee Letters. He entreats you to pardon him. I will unteach thee those Manners."
"Here I must put you in Mind of that Matter, that in these the Pa.s.sives also obtain a second Accusative Case. The others will have a Genitive."
You are taught Letters by me. They accuse me of Theft. I am accused of Theft. Thou accusest me of Sacrilege. I am accused of Sacrilege. I know you are not satisfied yet. I know you are not satisfied in Mind. For when will so great a Glutton of Elegancies be satisfy"d? But I must have Regard to the Company, who are not all equally diverted with these Matters. After Supper, as we walk, we will finish what is behind, unless you shall rather chuse to have it omitted.
_Ch._ Let it be as you say. Let us return Thanks to divine Bounty and afterwards we"ll take a little Walk.
_Mi._ You say very well, for nothing can be more pleasant, nor wholsome than this Evening Air.
_Ch. Peter_, come hither, and take the Things away in Order, one after the other, and fill the Gla.s.ses with Wine.
_Pe._ Do you bid me return Thanks?
_Ch._ Aye, do.
_Pe._ Had you rather it should be done in _Greek_, or in _Latin_.
_Ch._ Both Ways.
_Pe. Gratias agimus tibi, pater coelestis, qui tua ineffabili potentia condidisti omnia, tua inscrutabili sapientia gubernas universa, tua inexhausta bonitate cuncta pascis ac vegetas: largire filiis tuis, ut aliquando tec.u.m bibant in regno tuo nectar illud immortalitatis, quod promisisti ac praeparasti vere diligentibus te, per Iesum Christum.
Amen._
We thank thee, heavenly Father, who by thy unspeakable Power, hast created all Things, and by thy inexhaustible Wisdom governest all Things, and by thy inexhaustible Goodness feedest and nourishest all Things: Grant to thy Children, that they may in due Time drink with thee in thy Kingdom, that _Nectar_ of Immortality; which thou hast promis"d and prepar"d for those that truly love thee, through Jesus Christ, _Amen_.
_Ch._ Say in _Greek_ too, that the rest mayn"t understand what thou sayest.
_Pe._ [Greek: Heucharistoumen soi, pater ouranie, ho te arreto sou dunamei ktisas ta panta, ho te anexereuneto sou sophia kubernon hapaxapanta, ho te anexantleto sou chrestoteti hekasta trephomenos te kai auxanon. Charizou tois yiois sou to meta sou pote piein to tes athanasias nektar, ho upechou kai etoimasas tois alethos agaposi se, dia Iesou Christou, tou yiou sou, tou kyriou hemon, tou meta sou zontos kai basileuontos en henoteti tou pneumatos hagiou, eis tous aionas. Amen.]
_Ch._ My most welcome Guests, I give you Thanks that you have honour"d my little Entertainment with your Company. I intreat you to accept it kindly.
_Gu._ And we would not only have, but return our Thanks to you. Don"t let us be over ceremonious in thanking, but rather let us rise from Table, and walk out a little.
_Au._ Let us take these Virgins along with us, so our Walk will be more pleasant.
_Ch._ You propose very well. We"ll not want Flowers, if the Place we walk in don"t afford any. Had you rather take a Turn in our Garden, in a poetical Manner, or walk out abroad by the River-Side.